Abstract
A dual culture system for growing grape powdery mildew, Uncinula necator, in vitro on its host, Vitis vinifera, is described. Investigations focused on: 1) establishing conditions for rooting and maintaining axenic grapevine shoot cultures, 2) obtaining pure cultures of powdery mildew, and 3) identifying permissive conditions for the germination and development of the fungus in vitro. A Murashige and Skoog medium containing 3% sucrose, 1% agar, but no hormones or vitamins, promoted healthy root and shoot development on all varieties tested. To permit optimal spore germination, the relative humidity in vitro was reduced by growing the plants in 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks placed inside one-quart glass jars. Plants were inoculated with a pure culture of conidia obtained by surface sterilizing infected leaves and allowing new conidiophores and conidia to grow out in a sterile environment. Successful cultures of powdery mildew were established on Cabernet Sauvignon, Chenin blanc, and Zinfandel shoots growing in vitro. Conidia produced in vitro retained the ability to infect the excised leaves of greenhouse-grown vines.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The specified Murashige and Skoog medium promoted healthy root and shoot development across tested grape varieties.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera
Vitis viniferae1 - Treatment
- A Murashige and Skoog medium containing 3% sucrose, 1% agar, but no hormones or vitaminse0
- Outcome
- healthy root and shoot developmente0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- all varieties testede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A Murashige and Skoog medium containing 3% sucrose, 1% agar, but no hormones or vitamins, promoted healthy root and shoot development on all varieties tested”
e1“its host, Vitis vinifera”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing relative humidity in vitro permitted optimal powdery mildew spore germination.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae1
- Treatment
- relative humidity in vitro was reduced by growing the plants in 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks placed inside one-quart glass jarse0
- Interactor
- Uncinula necator
Erysiphe necatore2pathogen - Outcome
- spore germinatione0
- Direction
- optimale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To permit optimal spore germination, the relative humidity in vitro was reduced by growing the plants in 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks placed inside one-quart glass jars”
e1“its host, Vitis vinifera”
e2“grape powdery mildew, Uncinula necator”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew cultures were established on Cabernet Sauvignon shoots in vitro.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae1
- Material
- Cabernet Sauvignone0
- Interactor
- Uncinula necatorErysiphe necatore2pathogen
- Outcome
- Successful cultures of powdery mildewe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Successful cultures of powdery mildew were established on Cabernet Sauvignon, Chenin blanc, and Zinfandel shoots growing in vitro”
e1“its host, Vitis vinifera”
e2“grape powdery mildew, Uncinula necator”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew cultures were established on Chenin blanc shoots in vitro.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae1
- Material
- Chenin blance0
- Interactor
- Uncinula necatorErysiphe necatore2pathogen
- Outcome
- Successful cultures of powdery mildewe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Successful cultures of powdery mildew were established on Cabernet Sauvignon, Chenin blanc, and Zinfandel shoots growing in vitro”
e1“its host, Vitis vinifera”
e2“grape powdery mildew, Uncinula necator”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew cultures were established on Zinfandel shoots in vitro.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae1
- Material
- Zinfandele0
- Interactor
- Uncinula necatorErysiphe necatore2pathogen
- Outcome
- Successful cultures of powdery mildewe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Successful cultures of powdery mildew were established on Cabernet Sauvignon, Chenin blanc, and Zinfandel shoots growing in vitro”
e1“its host, Vitis vinifera”
e2“grape powdery mildew, Uncinula necator”
Claim · model-written summary
Conidia produced in vitro retained the ability to infect excised leaves of greenhouse-grown grapevines.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae1
- Organ / stage
- excised leavese0
- Interactor
- Uncinula necatorErysiphe necatore2pathogen
- Outcome
- ability to infect the excised leaves of greenhouse-grown vinese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conidia produced in vitro retained the ability to infect the excised leaves of greenhouse-grown vines”
e1“its host, Vitis vinifera”
e2“grape powdery mildew, Uncinula necator”
The same questions in other papers
agar · growth · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
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- positive
sucrose · growth · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
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- positive
- positive
in vitro · growth · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.