Abstract
Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0. Ethylene, auxin and light are essential to this process. To investigate the role of ethylene in root hair initiation, we isolated two 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase genes (Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2). Seven motifs of known ACS proteins were highly conserved in Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2. The Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 mRNA levels were constant at pH 6.0, which were lower than that in seedlings at pH 4.0. Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 transcripts accumulated at pH 4.0 and reached peak levels at 1 h and 30 min after acidification, respectively. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) induced the accumulation of both Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 transcripts, whereas ACC induced only Ls-ACS1 mRNA. These results suggest that acidification-induced auxin accumulations increase the Ls-ACS2 levels, which together with Ls-ACS2-induced ethylene raise the levels of Ls-ACS1. Furthermore, blue and white light gave the highest levels of both Ls-ACS1 mRNA and ethylene production. Darkness was less effective, and red light had an intermediate effect. The different light conditions had no effect on the levels of Ls-ACS2 mRNA. These observations support the involvement of Ls-ACS1 in the production of ethylene, which is crucial for root hair initiation.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Transferring lettuce seedlings from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0 induced root hair formation.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae1 - Organ / stage
- seedlingse1
- Treatment
- transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0e1
- Outcome
- Root hair formatione1
- Direction
- inducede1
- Comparator
- pH 6.0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
Claim · model-written summary
Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 mRNA levels were higher at pH 4.0 than at pH 6.0.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- pH 4.0e2
- Gene
- Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2e2
- Outcome
- mRNA levelse2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Comparator
- pH 6.0e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e2“The Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 mRNA levels were constant at pH 6.0, which were lower than that in seedlings at pH 4.0”
Claim · model-written summary
Ls-ACS1 transcripts reached peak levels 1 h after acidification to pH 4.0.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- pH 4.0e3
- Gene
- Ls-ACS1e3
- Outcome
- peak levelse3
- Value
- 1 he3
- Qualifier
- after acidificatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e3“Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 transcripts accumulated at pH 4.0 and reached peak levels at 1 h and 30 min after acidification, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Ls-ACS2 transcripts reached peak levels 30 min after acidification to pH 4.0.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- pH 4.0e3
- Gene
- Ls-ACS2e3
- Outcome
- peak levelse3
- Value
- 30 mine3
- Qualifier
- after acidificatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e3“Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 transcripts accumulated at pH 4.0 and reached peak levels at 1 h and 30 min after acidification, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Indole-3-acetic acid induced accumulation of both Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 transcripts.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)e4
- Gene
- Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2e4
- Outcome
- accumulatione4
- Direction
- inducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e4“Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) induced the accumulation of both Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 transcripts, whereas ACC induced only Ls-ACS1 mRNA”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC induced only Ls-ACS1 mRNA in lettuce seedlings.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- ACCe4
- Gene
- Ls-ACS1e4
- Outcome
- mRNAe4
- Direction
- inducede4
- Qualifier
- only Ls-ACS1 mRNAe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e4“Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) induced the accumulation of both Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2 transcripts, whereas ACC induced only Ls-ACS1 mRNA”
Claim · model-written summary
Acidification-induced auxin accumulation is suggested to raise Ls-ACS2 levels, which together with ethylene raise Ls-ACS1 levels.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Gene
- Ls-ACS2e5
- Compound
- auxine5
- Outcome
- Ls-ACS2 levelse5
- Qualifier
- acidification-induced auxin accumulationse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e5“These results suggest that acidification-induced auxin accumulations increase the Ls-ACS2 levels, which together with Ls-ACS2-induced ethylene raise the levels of Ls-ACS1”
Claim · model-written summary
Ls-ACS1 is involved in ethylene production, which is crucial for root hair initiation.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Gene
- Ls-ACS1e6
- Compound
- ethylenee6
- Outcome
- production of ethylenee6
- Qualifier
- crucial for root hair initiatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e6“These observations support the involvement of Ls-ACS1 in the production of ethylene, which is crucial for root hair initiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and white light gave the highest Ls-ACS1 mRNA levels among the light conditions tested.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- blue and white lighte7
- Gene
- Ls-ACS1e7
- Outcome
- Ls-ACS1 mRNAe7
- Direction
- higheste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e7“blue and white light gave the highest levels of both Ls-ACS1 mRNA and ethylene production”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and white light gave the highest ethylene production among the light conditions tested.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- blue and white lighte7
- Outcome
- ethylene productione7
- Direction
- higheste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e7“blue and white light gave the highest levels of both Ls-ACS1 mRNA and ethylene production”
Claim · model-written summary
Darkness was less effective than the light treatments for Ls-ACS1 mRNA and ethylene production.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- Darknesse2
- Outcome
- effectivee2
- Direction
- lesse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e2“Darkness was less effective, and red light had an intermediate effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light had an intermediate effect on Ls-ACS1 mRNA and ethylene production.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- red lighte2
- Outcome
- intermediate effecte2
- Direction
- intermediatee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e2“Darkness was less effective, and red light had an intermediate effect”
Claim · model-written summary
The different light conditions had no effect on Ls-ACS2 mRNA levels.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- different light conditionse2
- Gene
- Ls-ACS2e2
- Outcome
- levels of Ls-ACS2 mRNAe2
- Direction
- no effecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e2“The different light conditions had no effect on the levels of Ls-ACS2 mRNA”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven motifs of known ACS proteins were highly conserved in Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Gene
- Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2e2
- Outcome
- motifs of known ACS proteinse2
- Direction
- highly conservede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e2“Seven motifs of known ACS proteins were highly conserved in Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2”
Claim · model-written summary
Two ACC synthase genes (Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2) were isolated from lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Gene
- Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2e2
- Outcome
- two 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase genese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Root hair formation is induced when lettuce seedlings are transferred from pH 6.0 to pH 4.0”
e2“we isolated two 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase genes (Ls-ACS1 and Ls-ACS2)”
The same questions in other papers
light · molecular: expression · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.