Abstract
Root characteristics associated with phosphorus (P) uptake under limiting soil-P conditions were examined in two sets of greenhouse experiments. Average diameter and length of soybean, cowpea, maize and sorghum roots were assessed after 7 weeks in three low-P soils amended with P fertilizer at 0, 3, 6, 11 and 23 mg Pkg. Organic acids in the rhizosphere of soybean, cowpea and pigeon pea were separately evaluated in one soil amended with or without rock phosphate, iron phosphate, aluminium phosphate, calcium phosphate, or triple super phosphate. Unplanted soil served as the control. The growth of soybean, cowpea, maize, and sorghum was significantly improved with P application in all the soils and the amount of P applied played an important role. The shoot dry matter yield and P accumulation correlated significantly with the root length of cowpea and the average diameter of sorghum roots. Citric acid was the only organic acid detected in measurable quantities in the rhizosphere of all plants tested; on average, it varied from 4 (pigeon pea) to 17 (soybean) ìmolg soil. For soybean, the secretion of citric acid appeared important for P acquisition in P-limiting environments whereas for cowpea, the size of the roots may be more important.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus application significantly improved soybean growth.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- P applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth of soybeane0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Setting
- all the soilse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of soybean, cowpea, maize, and sorghum was significantly improved with P application in all the soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus application significantly improved cowpea growth.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- P applicatione0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of soybean, cowpea, maize, and sorghum was significantly improved with P application in all the soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus application significantly improved maize growth.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of soybean, cowpea, maize, and sorghum was significantly improved with P application in all the soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus application significantly improved sorghum growth.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of soybean, cowpea, maize, and sorghum was significantly improved with P application in all the soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea root length correlated significantly with shoot dry matter yield and phosphorus accumulation.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- shoot dry matter yield and P accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- root lengthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shoot dry matter yield and P accumulation correlated significantly with the root length of cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum root diameter correlated significantly with shoot dry matter yield and phosphorus accumulation.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shoot dry matter yield and P accumulation correlated significantly with the root length of cowpea and the average diameter of sorghum roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Citric acid was the only organic acid measurable in the rhizosphere of the tested plants.
- Taxon
- soybean (Glycine max) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)Glycine maxVigna unguiculatat0
- Organ / stage
- rhizospheree0
- Outcome
- Citric acid was the only organic acid detected in measurable quantitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Citric acid was the only organic acid detected in measurable quantities in the rhizosphere of all plants tested”
t0“soybean (Glycine max) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigeon pea rhizosphere citric acid averaged 4 ìmolg soil.
- Taxon
- pigeon pea
Cajanus cajane0 - Organ / stage
- rhizospheree1
- Outcome
- Citric acide1
- Value
- 4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it varied from 4 (pigeon pea) to 17 (soybean) ìmolg soil”
e1“Citric acid was the only organic acid detected in measurable quantities in the rhizosphere of all plants tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean rhizosphere citric acid averaged 17 ìmolg soil.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- rhizospheree1
- Outcome
- Citric acide1
- Value
- 17e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it varied from 4 (pigeon pea) to 17 (soybean) ìmolg soil”
e1“Citric acid was the only organic acid detected in measurable quantities in the rhizosphere of all plants tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean citric acid secretion appeared important for phosphorus acquisition under phosphorus limitation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Compound
- citric acide0
- Outcome
- P acquisitione0
- Qualifier
- P-limiting environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For soybean, the secretion of citric acid appeared important for P acquisition in P-limiting environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea root size may be more important for phosphorus acquisition.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- P acquisitione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas for cowpea, the size of the roots may be more important”
e1“P acquisition in P-limiting environments”
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phosphorus · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ
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- negative
- negative
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See all 146 papers →phosphorus · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
251 papers in the same direction as this paper · 51 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
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See all 306 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.