Abstract
The presence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in long-term cane-growing fields associated with yield decline led to the supposition that VAM fungi may be responsible for the poor yields. A glasshouse trial was established to test the effectiveness of a species of VAM fungi, Glomus clarum , extracted from one of these North Queensland fields on the growth of sugarcane ( Saccharum interspecific hybrid), maize ( Zea mays ), and soybean ( Glycine max ) for 6 phosphorus (P) rates (0, 2.7, 8.2, 25, 74, 222 mg/kg). For maize and soybean plants that received VAM (+VAM), root colonisation was associated with enhanced P uptake, improved dry weight (DW) production, and higher index tissue-P concentrations than those without VAM (–VAM). By comparing DW responses of maize and soybean for different P rates, savings in fertiliser P of up to 160 and 213 kg/ha, respectively, were realised. Sugarcane plants were generally less responsive. Apart from a 30% DW increase with VAM when 2.7 mg P/kg was added, DW of +VAM plants was equivalent to, or worse than in the case of 222 mg P/kg, DW of –VAM plants. For all 3 host species, colonisation was least at the highest P application, presumably from excessive P within the plant tissue. Critical P concentrations for the 3 host species were below those reported elsewhere, and for soybean and sugarcane, the critical concentration for +VAM plants was lower than that of –VAM plants. There are 3 implications that arise from this study. First, VAM fungi present in cane-growing soils can promote the growth of maize and soybean, which are potential rotation crops, over a range of P levels. Second, the mycorrhizal strain taken from this site did not generally contribute to a yield decline in sugarcane plants. Third, application of P fertiliser is not necessary for sugarcane when acid-extractable P is <30 mg/kg if sufficient VAM propagules are present, or mp;lt;47 mg/kg if a mycorrhizal response is not anticipated.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-colonized maize had enhanced phosphorus uptake.
- Treatment
- VAM (+VAM)e0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- without VAM (–VAM)e0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For maize and soybean plants that received VAM (+VAM), root colonisation was associated with enhanced P uptake, improved dry weight (DW) production, and higher index tissue-P concentrations than those without VAM (–VAM).”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-colonized soybean had enhanced phosphorus uptake.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- VAM (+VAM)e0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- without VAM (–VAM)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For maize and soybean plants that received VAM (+VAM), root colonisation was associated with enhanced P uptake, improved dry weight (DW) production, and higher index tissue-P concentrations than those without VAM (–VAM).”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-colonized maize produced more dry weight.
- Treatment
- VAM (+VAM)e0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- dry weight (DW) productione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- without VAM (–VAM)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For maize and soybean plants that received VAM (+VAM), root colonisation was associated with enhanced P uptake, improved dry weight (DW) production, and higher index tissue-P concentrations than those without VAM (–VAM).”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-colonized soybean produced more dry weight.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- VAM (+VAM)e0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- dry weight (DW) productione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- without VAM (–VAM)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For maize and soybean plants that received VAM (+VAM), root colonisation was associated with enhanced P uptake, improved dry weight (DW) production, and higher index tissue-P concentrations than those without VAM (–VAM).”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-colonized maize had higher index tissue phosphorus concentration.
- Treatment
- VAM (+VAM)e0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- index tissue-P concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- without VAM (–VAM)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For maize and soybean plants that received VAM (+VAM), root colonisation was associated with enhanced P uptake, improved dry weight (DW) production, and higher index tissue-P concentrations than those without VAM (–VAM).”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-colonized soybean had higher index tissue phosphorus concentration.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- VAM (+VAM)e0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- index tissue-P concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- without VAM (–VAM)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For maize and soybean plants that received VAM (+VAM), root colonisation was associated with enhanced P uptake, improved dry weight (DW) production, and higher index tissue-P concentrations than those without VAM (–VAM).”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM responses saved maize up to 160 kg/ha fertilizer phosphorus.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By comparing DW responses of maize and soybean for different P rates, savings in fertiliser P of up to 160 and 213 kg/ha, respectively, were realised.”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM responses saved soybean up to 213 kg/ha fertilizer phosphorus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- savings in fertiliser Pe0
- Direction
- savingse0
- Value
- 213 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By comparing DW responses of maize and soybean for different P rates, savings in fertiliser P of up to 160 and 213 kg/ha, respectively, were realised.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugarcane dry weight rose 30% with VAM at 2.7 mg P/kg.
Verbatim
e0“Apart from a 30% DW increase with VAM when 2.7 mg P/kg was added, DW of +VAM plants was equivalent to, or worse than in the case of 222 mg P/kg, DW of –VAM plants.”
e1“Sugarcane plants were generally less responsive.”
Claim · model-written summary
At other phosphorus rates, VAM sugarcane dry weight was equivalent to or below non-VAM sugarcane.
Verbatim
e0“DW of +VAM plants was equivalent to, or worse than in the case of 222 mg P/kg, DW of –VAM plants.”
e1“Sugarcane plants were generally less responsive.”
Claim · model-written summary
Root colonization was least at the highest phosphorus application across all three hosts.
Verbatim
e0“For all 3 host species, colonisation was least at the highest P application”
t0“sugarcane, maize, and soybean to phosphorus and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Critical phosphorus concentrations in all three hosts were below prior reports.
Verbatim
e0“Critical P concentrations for the 3 host species were below those reported elsewhere”
t0“sugarcane, maize, and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Critical phosphorus concentration in VAM soybean was lower than in non-VAM soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- +VAMe0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- critical concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- –VAMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for soybean and sugarcane, the critical concentration for +VAM plants was lower than that of –VAM plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Critical phosphorus concentration in VAM sugarcane was lower than in non-VAM sugarcane.
Verbatim
e0“for soybean and sugarcane, the critical concentration for +VAM plants was lower than that of –VAM plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
The site mycorrhizal strain generally did not contribute to sugarcane yield decline.
Verbatim
e0“the mycorrhizal strain taken from this site did not generally contribute to a yield decline in sugarcane plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise no phosphorus fertilizer for sugarcane below 30 mg/kg acid-extractable phosphorus if VAM propagules are sufficient.
Verbatim
e0“application of P fertiliser is not necessary for sugarcane when acid-extractable P is <30 mg/kg if sufficient VAM propagules are present”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise no phosphorus fertilizer for sugarcane below 47 mg/kg acid-extractable phosphorus when mycorrhizal response is not anticipated.
Verbatim
e0“application of P fertiliser is not necessary for sugarcane when acid-extractable P is <30 mg/kg if sufficient VAM propagules are present, or mp;lt;47 mg/kg if a mycorrhizal response is not anticipated.”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · growth · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 14 papers →mycorrhiza · molecular: metabolites · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
mycorrhiza · molecular: metabolites · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
15 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.