Abstract
The use of sewage sludge as a source of nutrients in crop production is increasing in the United States and worldwide. A field study was conducted on a 10% slope at Kentucky State University Research Farm. Eighteen plots of 22x3.7 m each were separated using metal borders and the soil in six plots was mixed with sewage sludge, six plots were mixed with yard waste compost, and six unamended plots were used for comparison purposes. During a subsequent 3-year study, plots were planted with potato (year 1), pepper (year 2), and broccoli (year 3). The objectives of this investigation were to: (i) characterize chemical properties of soil-incorporated sewage sludge and yard waste compost; (ii) determine the concentration of seven heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Mo) in sewage sludge and yard waste compost used for land farming; and (iii) monitor heavy metal concentrations in edible portions of plants at harvest. Concentrations of heavy metals in sewage sludge were below the U.S. EPA limits. Analysis of potato tubers, peppers, and broccoli grown in sludge-amended soil showed that Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb were not significantly different from control plants. Concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Mo were significantly greater in tubers and peppers grown in sludge compared to their respective controls. Zn and Mo in broccoli heads were higher than their control plants. The ability of potato to accumulate lead needs additional investigation to optimize the phytoremediation of this pollutant element.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium, chromium, nickel and lead concentrations in sludge-grown potato tubers, peppers and broccoli were not significantly different from controls.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of potato tubers, peppers, and broccoli grown in sludge-amended soil showed that Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb were not significantly different from control plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc, copper and molybdenum concentrations were greater in potato tubers and peppers grown in sludge.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Treatment
- sludgee0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Moe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- their respective controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Mo were significantly greater in tubers and peppers grown in sludge compared to their respective controls.”
t0“potato, Solanum tuberosum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc and molybdenum concentrations in broccoli heads were higher than controls.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicae0 - Treatment
- sludge-amended soile1
- Outcome
- Zn and Mo in broccoli headse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- their control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn and Mo in broccoli heads were higher than their control plants.”
e1“broccoli grown in sludge-amended soil”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors call for more study of potato lead accumulation to optimize phytoremediation.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- additional investigation to optimize the phytoremediatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ability of potato to accumulate lead needs additional investigation to optimize the phytoremediation of this pollutant element.”
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