Abstract
ABSTRACT Selected isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Bacillus subtilis reduced the size and number of lesions on wounded apples caused by the postharvest pathogens Penicillium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Pezicula malicorticis. Combinations of the antagonistic microorganisms were applied to apple trees in the field late in the growing season of two consecutive years. The population dynamics of the introduced microorganisms and the incidence of fruit decay were determined. Population sizes of introduced antagonists on apple surfaces increased in the field following application of treatments until harvest. After transfer of the fruit from the field into cold storage, the populations of the introduced antagonists remained higher than in the control treatments. Identification of the applied isolates of A. pullulans and R. glutinis during the experiments was achieved by isolate-specific DNA probes generated from random amplified polymorphic DNA. A combination of two strains of A. pullulans and one strain of R. glutinis suppressed rotting of apple to the same extent as the commonly used fungicide Euparen. Our data demonstrate that the application of antagonistic microorganisms in the field represents a promising alternative to fungicide treatments to control post-harvest diseases of apple.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Aureobasidium pullulans isolates reduced the size and number of pathogen lesions on wounded apples.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- Aureobasidium pullulanse0
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansum
Penicillium expansume0pathogen - Second interactor
- Aureobasidium pullulans
Aureobasidium pullulanse0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- size and number of lesionse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- Botrytis cinerea, and Pezicula malicorticise0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Bacillus subtilis reduced the size and number of lesions on wounded apples caused by the postharvest pathogens Penicillium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Pezicula malicorticis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhodotorula glutinis isolates reduced the size and number of pathogen lesions on wounded apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Rhodotorula glutinise0
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansumPenicillium expansume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Rhodotorula glutinis
Rhodotorula glutinise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- size and number of lesionse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- Botrytis cinerea, and Pezicula malicorticise0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Bacillus subtilis reduced the size and number of lesions on wounded apples caused by the postharvest pathogens Penicillium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Pezicula malicorticis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis isolates reduced the size and number of pathogen lesions on wounded apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilise0
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansumPenicillium expansume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- size and number of lesionse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- Botrytis cinerea, and Pezicula malicorticise0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Bacillus subtilis reduced the size and number of lesions on wounded apples caused by the postharvest pathogens Penicillium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Pezicula malicorticis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Introduced antagonist populations increased on apple surfaces in the field until harvest.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- Population sizes of introduced antagonists on apple surfacese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- until harveste0
- Setting
- in the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Population sizes of introduced antagonists on apple surfaces increased in the field following application of treatments until harvest.”
Claim · model-written summary
Introduced antagonist populations remained above controls after transfer to cold storage.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- introduced antagonistse0
- Outcome
- populations of the introduced antagonistse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control treatmentse0
- Setting
- cold storagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After transfer of the fruit from the field into cold storage, the populations of the introduced antagonists remained higher than in the control treatments.”
t0“Apple Surface”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate-specific DNA probes identified applied A. pullulans isolates.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- A. pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- Identification of the applied isolates of A. pullulanse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Identification of the applied isolates of A. pullulans and R. glutinis during the experiments was achieved by isolate-specific DNA probes generated from random amplified polymorphic DNA.”
t0“Apple Surface”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate-specific DNA probes identified applied R. glutinis isolates.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- R. glutinisRhodotorula glutinise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- R. glutinise0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Identification of the applied isolates of A. pullulans and R. glutinis during the experiments was achieved by isolate-specific DNA probes generated from random amplified polymorphic DNA.”
t0“Apple Surface”
Claim · model-written summary
A combination of two A. pullulans strains and one R. glutinis strain suppressed apple rotting to the same extent as Euparen.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- two strains of A. pullulans and one strain of R. glutinise0
- Interactor
- A. pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- R. glutinisRhodotorula glutinise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- rotting of applee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Comparator
- Euparene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A combination of two strains of A. pullulans and one strain of R. glutinis suppressed rotting of apple to the same extent as the commonly used fungicide Euparen.”
Claim · model-written summary
Field application of antagonists was presented as a promising alternative to fungicide treatment for apple postharvest disease.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- application of antagonistic microorganisms in the fielde0
- Comparator
- fungicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our data demonstrate that the application of antagonistic microorganisms in the field represents a promising alternative to fungicide treatments to control post-harvest diseases of apple.”
The same questions in other papers
Aureobasidium pullulans · Penicillium expansum · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · Penicillium expansum · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
biocontrol · pest · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.