Abstract
Take-all, a disease caused by the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, is the most important root disease of wheat and causes severe yield losses worldwide. Using microorganisms as biological agents to control the disease is important because no resistant cultivars or effective chemical fungicides are available. In this study, we tested the biological control capability of a chitinase produced by the endophytic bacterium Serratia proteamaculans 336x against wheat take-all. The chitinase gene chi1 of S. proteamaculans 336x was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein exhibited chitinase activity and in vitro antifungal activity against G. graminis var. tritici. With in-frame deletion of the chi1 gene by homologous recombination, the chi1-deleted mutant was devoid of chitinase activity and the biocontrol efficacy was reduced by 42.5%. The complementation of the Δchi1 mutant strain by the chi1 gene resulted in the partial restoration of the chitinase activity and biocontrol efficacy. These results support a role for the Chi1 protein in the biocontrol process of S. proteamaculans 336x against wheat take-all.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The chi1 gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- S. proteamaculans 336xSerratia proteamaculanse0biocontrol_agent
- Gene
- chi1e0
- Outcome
- cloned and heterologously expressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The chitinase gene chi1 of S. proteamaculans 336x was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Recombinant Chi1 had chitinase activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- recombinant proteine0
- Outcome
- chitinase activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The recombinant protein exhibited chitinase activity”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Recombinant Chi1 had in vitro antifungal activity against G. graminis var. tritici.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- G. graminis var. triticiGaeumannomyces triticie0pathogen
- Gene
- recombinant proteine0
- Outcome
- in vitro antifungal activity against G. graminis var. triticie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The recombinant protein exhibited chitinase activity and in vitro antifungal activity against G. graminis var. tritici.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion of chi1 eliminated chitinase activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- in-frame deletion of the chi1 genee0
- Gene
- chi1e0
- Outcome
- chitinase activitye0
- Direction
- devoid ofe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With in-frame deletion of the chi1 gene by homologous recombination, the chi1-deleted mutant was devoid of chitinase activity”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion of chi1 reduced biocontrol efficacy by 42.5%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- in-frame deletion of the chi1 genee0
- Gene
- chi1e0
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 42.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With in-frame deletion of the chi1 gene by homologous recombination, the chi1-deleted mutant was devoid of chitinase activity and the biocontrol efficacy was reduced by 42.5%.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Complementation partially restored chitinase activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- complementation of the Δchi1 mutant strain by the chi1 genee0
- Outcome
- chitinase activitye0
- Direction
- partial restoratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The complementation of the Δchi1 mutant strain by the chi1 gene resulted in the partial restoration of the chitinase activity and biocontrol efficacy.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Complementation partially restored biocontrol efficacy.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- complementation of the Δchi1 mutant strain by the chi1 genee0
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye0
- Direction
- partial restoratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The complementation of the Δchi1 mutant strain by the chi1 gene resulted in the partial restoration of the chitinase activity and biocontrol efficacy.”
t0“wheat”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
loss of function · control · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.