Abstract
Laboratory studies were conducted to determine if electrolyte leakage from either leaf tissue, germinating seeds, or excised roots correlated with previously established soil-applied field response of soybean cultivars and target weeds to sulfentrazone. Sulfentrazone-induced electrolyte leakage from leaf tissue of coffee senna (sensitive), sicklepod (tolerant), and soybean cultivars ‘Asgrow 6785’ and ‘Carver’ (sensitive) and ‘Stonewall’ and ‘DPL 3606’ (tolerant) was monitored over time. Electrolyte leakage from leaf tissues, caused by 25 ppm (65 μM) sulfentrazone, agreed directly with the known response of these weeds, but response of the four soybean cultivars was equivalent. Furthermore, sulfentrazone-induced electrolyte leakage from leaf tissue of Asgrow 6785 and Stonewall was not affected by sulfentrazone concentration as high as 100 ppm (258 μM) nor by light intensity (4 and 120 μmol/m2/s photosynthetically active radiation). For germinating seeds, sulfentrazone-induced electrolyte leakage was also independent of soybean cultivar. In contrast, electrolyte leakage from excised roots of germinal soybean seedlings did concur directly with the previously established cultivar sensitivity to soil-applied sulfentrazone. Results indicate that electrolyte leakage from excised roots of soybean germinal seedlings can be used to assess cultivar sensitivity to soil-applied sulfentrazone.Nomenclature: Sulfentrazone, coffee senna, Cassia occidentalis L. #3 CASOC; sicklepod, Senna obtusifolia L. # CASOB; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Asgrow 6785’, ‘Carver’, ‘Stonewall’, ‘DPL 3606’.Additional index words: Herbicide tolerance, membrane leakage, Protox, light intensity.Abbreviations: Ie, index of relative electrolyte leakage; PAR, photosynthetically active radiation; Protogen, protoporphyrinogen; Proto IX, protoporphyrin; Protox, protoporphyrinogen oxidase.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf leakage matched known weed responses.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- Electrolyte leakage from leaf tissuese0
- Comparator
- known response of these weedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Electrolyte leakage from leaf tissues, caused by 25 ppm (65 μM) sulfentrazone, agreed directly with the known response of these weeds”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf leakage responses were equivalent among four soybean cultivars.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- response of the four soybean cultivarse0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- four soybean cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but response of the four soybean cultivars was equivalent.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf leakage in Asgrow 6785 and Stonewall was unaffected by sulfentrazone concentration up to 100 ppm.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Asgrow 6785 and Stonewalle0
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone concentration as high as 100 ppm (258 μM)e0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage from leaf tissuee0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sulfentrazone-induced electrolyte leakage from leaf tissue of Asgrow 6785 and Stonewall was not affected by sulfentrazone concentration as high as 100 ppm (258 μM)”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf leakage in Asgrow 6785 and Stonewall was unaffected by light intensity.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- light intensity (4 and 120 μmol/m2/s photosynthetically active radiation)e0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage from leaf tissuee0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sulfentrazone-induced electrolyte leakage from leaf tissue of Asgrow 6785 and Stonewall was not affected by sulfentrazone concentration as high as 100 ppm (258 μM) nor by light intensity (4 and 120 μmol/m2/s photosynthetically active radiation)”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed leakage was independent of soybean cultivar.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- sulfentrazone-induced electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- independente0
- Comparator
- soybean cultivare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For germinating seeds, sulfentrazone-induced electrolyte leakage was also independent of soybean cultivar.”
Claim · model-written summary
Excised-root leakage matched established soybean cultivar sensitivity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage from excised rootse0
- Comparator
- previously established cultivar sensitivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“electrolyte leakage from excised roots of germinal soybean seedlings did concur directly with the previously established cultivar sensitivity to soil-applied sulfentrazone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Excised-root leakage can assess sensitivity to soil-applied sulfentrazone.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- assess cultivar sensitivity to soil-applied sulfentrazonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“electrolyte leakage from excised roots of soybean germinal seedlings can be used to assess cultivar sensitivity to soil-applied sulfentrazone.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.