Abstract
The problem of poor re-establishment and poor seasonal production in long-term subterranean clover pastures has been recognized for some time, particularly on the Southern Tableland and Slopes regions of New South Wales. Field and laboratory investigations showed that rotting of the lateral feeder roots was a common disease of subterranean clover during the cool part of the growing season. Isolations made from diseased roots yielded a predominance of Pythium spp. of which Pythiurn irregulare was the most common. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that P. irregulare consistently caused damping-off of germinating subterranean clover. This fungus also infected established plants and at low temperatures caused severe reduction of dry matter production. Symptoms produced on artificially inoculated plants were identical with those observed on plants infected in the field. Soil moisture and the level of fungal inoculum added did not have a critical effect on the severity of root disease. A range of other important pasture and crop species were also artificially infected with P. irregulare, with resulting necrosis of feeder roots. In vitro studies of factors affecting the growth of P. irregulare showed that this pathogen was well adapted to survive and cause disease in cold wet soils, the conditions most favourable for root rot in the field. The importance of P. irregulare as a pathogen of established plants and possible means of reducing its effect on the growth of subterranean clover are discussed.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Lateral feeder root rot was common in subterranean clover during the cool growing season.
- Taxon
- subterranean clover
Trifolium subterraneume0 - Outcome
- rotting of the lateral feeder rootse0
- Qualifier
- cool part of the growing seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rotting of the lateral feeder roots was a common disease of subterranean clover during the cool part of the growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Pythium was predominant among isolates from diseased roots, with P. irregulare most common.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Interactor
- Pythiurn irregularee0pathogen
- Outcome
- Pythiurn irregulare was the most commone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolations made from diseased roots yielded a predominance of Pythium spp. of which Pythiurn irregulare was the most common”
t0“subterranean clover”
Claim · model-written summary
P. irregulare consistently caused damping-off in germinating clover.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneume0
- Treatment
- P. irregularee0
- Interactor
- P. irregulareGlobisporangium irregularee0pathogen
- Outcome
- damping-offe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. irregulare consistently caused damping-off of germinating subterranean clover”
Claim · model-written summary
P. irregulare infected established plants.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Outcome
- infected established plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This fungus also infected established plants”
t0“subterranean clover”
Claim · model-written summary
At low temperature, infection severely reduced dry matter production.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- severe reductione0
- Qualifier
- low temperaturese0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at low temperatures caused severe reduction of dry matter production”
t0“subterranean clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Artificially inoculated plants had symptoms identical to field-infected plants.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Outcome
- Symptomse0
- Comparator
- plants infected in the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symptoms produced on artificially inoculated plants were identical with those observed on plants infected in the field”
t0“subterranean clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture was not critical to root disease severity.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- Soil moisturee0
- Outcome
- severity of root diseasee0
- Direction
- did not have a critical effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil moisture and the level of fungal inoculum added did not have a critical effect on the severity of root disease”
t0“subterranean clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal inoculum level was not critical to root disease severity.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Treatment
- level of fungal inoculum addede0
- Outcome
- severity of root diseasee0
- Direction
- did not have a critical effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil moisture and the level of fungal inoculum added did not have a critical effect on the severity of root disease”
t0“subterranean clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Other pasture and crop species developed feeder root necrosis after P. irregulare infection.
- Taxon
- other important pasture and crop speciese0
- Interactor
- P. irregulareGlobisporangium irregularee0pathogen
- Outcome
- necrosis of feeder rootse0
Verbatim
e0“other important pasture and crop species were also artificially infected with P. irregulare, with resulting necrosis of feeder roots”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro results indicated P. irregulare was adapted to survive and cause disease in cold wet soils.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneumt0
- Outcome
- pathogen was well adapted to survive and cause disease in cold wet soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this pathogen was well adapted to survive and cause disease in cold wet soils”
t0“subterranean clover”
The same questions in other papers
Globisporangium irregulare · disease · Trifolium subterraneumResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
inoculation · disease · Trifolium subterraneumPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.