Abstract
ABSTRACT This study tested the hypothesis that antagonistic interactions between abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene mediate the effects of soil compaction on shoot growth. Isogenic wild‐type (Ailsa Craig), ABA‐deficient ( notabilis ) and a transgenic (ACO1 AS ) tomato genotype with a reduced capacity to synthesize ethylene were examined. Exogenous ABA was also applied. Leaf area was comparable when Ailsa Craig and ACO1 AS were grown in uncompacted (1·1 g cm − 3 ) or compacted (1·5 g cm − 3 ) soil, but was lower in notabilis . However, a 1·1/1·5 g cm − 3 split‐pot treatment invoked marked genotypic differences, whereby leaf area was comparable to 1·1 g cm − 3 control plants in ACO1 AS but was intermediate between the 1·1 and 1·5 g cm − 3 treatments in Ailsa Craig and notabilis . ABA may be discounted as the root‐sourced signal responsible for reducing leaf area when the roots encountered compacted soil as Ailsa Craig and ACO1 AS showed differing responses despite similar increases in xylem sap ABA concentration; leaf area was invariably lower in notabilis . These genotypic differences were correlated with ethylene evolution; thus the greater leaf area in ACO1 AS was associated with its reduced ability to synthesize ethylene, whereas the reductions in leaf expansion observed when Ailsa Craig and notabilis encountered compacted soil were accompanied by increased ethylene production. Application of ABA had little effect on ACO1 AS , but promoted a recovery of leaf expansion in notabilis , and more surprisingly in Ailsa Craig. These results suggest that antagonistic interactions between ABA and ethylene may regulate leaf expansion when the root system simultaneously encounters uncompacted and compacted soil.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area was comparable for Ailsa Craig and ACO1 AS in uncompacted or compacted soil.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Material
- Ailsa Craig and ACO1 ASe0
- Treatment
- compacted (1·5 g cm − 3 ) soile0
- Outcome
- Leaf areae0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- uncompacted (1·1 g cm − 3 )e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf area was comparable when Ailsa Craig and ACO1 AS were grown in uncompacted (1·1 g cm − 3 ) or compacted (1·5 g cm − 3 ) soil”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area was lower in notabilis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- notabilise0
- Outcome
- Leaf areae0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf area was comparable when Ailsa Craig and ACO1 AS were grown in uncompacted (1·1 g cm − 3 ) or compacted (1·5 g cm − 3 ) soil, but was lower in notabilis”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
In split pots, ACO1 AS leaf area matched uncompacted controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- ACO1 ASe0
- Treatment
- split‐pot treatmente0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- 1·1 g cm − 3 control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a 1·1/1·5 g cm − 3 split‐pot treatment invoked marked genotypic differences, whereby leaf area was comparable to 1·1 g cm − 3 control plants in ACO1 AS”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
In split pots, Ailsa Craig leaf area was intermediate between uncompacted and compacted conditions.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Ailsa Craige0
- Treatment
- 1·1 and 1·5 g cm − 3 treatmentse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- intermediatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf area was comparable to 1·1 g cm − 3 control plants in ACO1 AS but was intermediate between the 1·1 and 1·5 g cm − 3 treatments in Ailsa Craig and notabilis”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
In split pots, notabilis leaf area was intermediate between uncompacted and compacted conditions.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- notabilise0
- Treatment
- 1·1 and 1·5 g cm − 3 treatmentse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- intermediatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf area was comparable to 1·1 g cm − 3 control plants in ACO1 AS but was intermediate between the 1·1 and 1·5 g cm − 3 treatments in Ailsa Craig and notabilis”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Ailsa Craig and ACO1 AS had different leaf area responses despite similar xylem ABA increases.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Ailsa Craig and ACO1 ASe0
- Compound
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- differing responsese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ailsa Craig and ACO1 AS showed differing responses despite similar increases in xylem sap ABA concentration”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater ACO1 AS leaf area was associated with reduced ethylene synthesis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- ACO1 ASe0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the greater leaf area in ACO1 AS was associated with its reduced ability to synthesize ethylene”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced leaf expansion in Ailsa Craig accompanied increased ethylene production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Ailsa Craige0
- Treatment
- compacted soile0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- leaf expansione0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reductions in leaf expansion observed when Ailsa Craig and notabilis encountered compacted soil were accompanied by increased ethylene production”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced leaf expansion in notabilis accompanied increased ethylene production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- notabilise0
- Treatment
- compacted soile0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- leaf expansione0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reductions in leaf expansion observed when Ailsa Craig and notabilis encountered compacted soil were accompanied by increased ethylene production”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied ABA had little effect on ACO1 AS.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- ACO1 ASe0
- Treatment
- Application of ABAe0
- Outcome
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of ABA had little effect on ACO1 AS”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied ABA promoted leaf expansion recovery in notabilis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- notabilise0
- Treatment
- Application of ABAe0
- Outcome
- recovery of leaf expansione0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of ABA had little effect on ACO1 AS , but promoted a recovery of leaf expansion in notabilis”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied ABA promoted leaf expansion recovery in Ailsa Craig.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Ailsa Craige0
- Treatment
- Application of ABAe0
- Outcome
- recovery of leaf expansione0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of ABA had little effect on ACO1 AS , but promoted a recovery of leaf expansion in notabilis , and more surprisingly in Ailsa Craig”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA and ethylene antagonism may regulate leaf expansion under mixed compaction.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Compound
- ABA and ethylenee0
- Outcome
- leaf expansione0
- Qualifier
- when the root system simultaneously encounters uncompacted and compacted soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“antagonistic interactions between ABA and ethylene may regulate leaf expansion when the root system simultaneously encounters uncompacted and compacted soil”
t0“tomato”
The same questions in other papers
(+)-abscisic acid · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.