Abstract
The influence of primary nutrients on the development of the leafhopper Homalodisca coagulata (Say) was examined using Glycine max (L.) Merrill subjected to treatments using different forms of nitrogen fertilization (urea and nitrate) and inoculation with Rhizobium bacteria. Concentrations of amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates, and ureides in xylem fluid varied with treatment; differences were most pronounced in young plants (6 weeks after planting), and subsided as plants aged. Plants receiving urea fertilization had lower concentrations of organic nitrogen and carbon, but more balanced profiles of amino acids. Leafhoppers on urea-fertilized plants had much higher success in development (62 to 87% survival to adult stage) than H. coagulata developing on nitrate-fertilized plants (31-42%). The sex ratio of successfully developed adults varied greatly with treatments, indicating that female survival was much higher on urea-fertilized plants. Males and females utlilized diets differently as indicated by the carbon and nitrogen content of adult carcasses. Consumption rates and nitrogen assimilation efficiencies were higher for young (third instar) leafhoppers on urea-fertilized plants. Instar duration and total time of development were not affected by treatment. Highest rates of success in development on diets providing the lowest (yet most balanced) concentrations of total nitrogen, amino acids, and organic compounds underscored the importance of nutrient balance for leafhopper development. Arch. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean xylem amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates and ureides varied by treatment, most strongly in young plants.
- Taxon
- Glycine max (L.) Merrill
Glycine maxt0 - Organ / stage
- young plants (6 weeks after planting)e0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates, and ureides in xylem fluide0
- Direction
- variede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates, and ureides in xylem fluid varied with treatment; differences were most pronounced in young plants (6 weeks after planting), and subsided as plants aged.”
t0“Glycine max (L.) Merrill”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea fertilization lowered organic nitrogen and carbon concentrations in soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine max (L.) MerrillGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- urea fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- concentrations of organic nitrogen and carbone0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants receiving urea fertilization had lower concentrations of organic nitrogen and carbon, but more balanced profiles of amino acids.”
t0“Glycine max (L.) Merrill”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea fertilization yielded more balanced soybean amino acid profiles.
- Taxon
- Glycine max (L.) MerrillGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- urea fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- profiles of amino acidse0
- Direction
- more balancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants receiving urea fertilization had lower concentrations of organic nitrogen and carbon, but more balanced profiles of amino acids.”
t0“Glycine max (L.) Merrill”
Claim · model-written summary
Leafhopper survival to adulthood was 62 to 87% on urea fertilized soybean versus 31-42% on nitrate fertilized soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine max (L.) MerrillGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- urea-fertilized plantse0
- Interactor
- H. coagulata
Homalodisca vitripennise0herbivore - Outcome
- survival to adult stagee0
- Direction
- much highere0
- Value
- 62 to 87%e0
- Qualifier
- 31-42%e0
- Comparator
- nitrate-fertilized plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leafhoppers on urea-fertilized plants had much higher success in development (62 to 87% survival to adult stage) than H. coagulata developing on nitrate-fertilized plants (31-42%).”
t0“Glycine max (L.) Merrill”
Claim · model-written summary
Female leafhopper survival was higher on urea fertilized soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine max (L.) MerrillGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- urea-fertilized plantse0
- Interactor
- Homalodisca coagulata (Say)Homalodisca vitripennise1herbivore
- Outcome
- female survivale0
- Direction
- much highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sex ratio of successfully developed adults varied greatly with treatments, indicating that female survival was much higher on urea-fertilized plants.”
t0“Glycine max (L.) Merrill”
e1“Homalodisca coagulata (Say)”
Claim · model-written summary
Male and female leafhoppers differed in diet use as reflected by carcass carbon and nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Glycine max (L.) MerrillGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Homalodisca coagulata (Say)Homalodisca vitripennise1herbivore
- Outcome
- carbon and nitrogen content of adult carcassese0
- Direction
- differentlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Males and females utlilized diets differently as indicated by the carbon and nitrogen content of adult carcasses.”
t0“Glycine max (L.) Merrill”
e1“Homalodisca coagulata (Say)”
Claim · model-written summary
Young leafhoppers on urea fertilized soybean had higher consumption rates and nitrogen assimilation efficiencies.
- Taxon
- Glycine max (L.) MerrillGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- young (third instar)e0
- Treatment
- urea-fertilized plantse0
- Interactor
- Homalodisca coagulata (Say)Homalodisca vitripennise1herbivore
- Outcome
- Consumption rates and nitrogen assimilation efficienciese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Consumption rates and nitrogen assimilation efficiencies were higher for young (third instar) leafhoppers on urea-fertilized plants.”
t0“Glycine max (L.) Merrill”
e1“Homalodisca coagulata (Say)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatments did not affect leafhopper instar duration or total development time.
- Taxon
- Glycine max (L.) MerrillGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Interactor
- Homalodisca coagulata (Say)Homalodisca vitripennise1herbivore
- Outcome
- Instar duration and total time of developmente0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Instar duration and total time of development were not affected by treatment.”
t0“Glycine max (L.) Merrill”
e1“Homalodisca coagulata (Say)”
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See all 87 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.