Abstract
In flowering plants, diploid sporophytic tissues in ovules and anthers support meiosis and subsequent haploid gametophyte development. These analogous reproductive functions suggest that common mechanisms may regulate ovule and anther development. Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers. Wild-type pollen grew poorly in arf6 arf8 gynoecia, correlating with ARF6 and ARF8 expression in style and transmitting tract. ARF6 and ARF8 transcripts are cleavage targets of the microRNA miR167, and overexpressing miR167 mimicked arf6 arf8 phenotypes. Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8 caused ectopic expression of these genes in domains of both ovules and anthers where miR167 was normally present. As a result, ovule integuments had arrested growth, and anthers grew abnormally and failed to release pollen. Thus, miR167 is essential for correct patterning of gene expression, and for fertility of both ovules and anthers. The essential patterning function of miR167 contrasts with cases from animals in which miRNAs reinforce or maintain transcriptionally established gene expression patterns.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type pollen grew poorly in arf6 arf8 gynoecia.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise1 - Material
- arf6 arf8e2
- Outcome
- Wild-type pollene2
- Direction
- grew poorlye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers”
e2“Wild-type pollen grew poorly in arf6 arf8 gynoecia, correlating with ARF6 and ARF8 expression in style and transmitting tract”
Claim · model-written summary
Poor pollen growth correlated with ARF6 and ARF8 expression in the style and transmitting tract.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Organ / stage
- style and transmitting tracte2
- Gene
- ARF6 and ARF8e2
- Outcome
- expressione2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers”
e2“Wild-type pollen grew poorly in arf6 arf8 gynoecia, correlating with ARF6 and ARF8 expression in style and transmitting tract”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpressing miR167 mimicked the arf6 arf8 phenotypes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- overexpressing miR167e3
- Gene
- miR167e3
- Outcome
- phenotypese3
- Direction
- mimickede3
- Comparator
- arf6 arf8e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers”
e3“ARF6 and ARF8 transcripts are cleavage targets of the microRNA miR167, and overexpressing miR167 mimicked arf6 arf8 phenotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8 caused ectopic expression in ovule and anther domains where miR167 is normally present.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Organ / stage
- domains of both ovules and antherse4
- Treatment
- Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8e4
- Gene
- ARF6 or ARF8e4
- Outcome
- ectopic expressione4
- Direction
- increaseinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers”
e4“Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8 caused ectopic expression of these genes in domains of both ovules and anthers where miR167 was normally present”
Claim · model-written summary
The miR167 target-site mutations arrested ovule integument growth.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Organ / stage
- ovule integumentse5
- Treatment
- Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8e4
- Outcome
- growthe5
- Direction
- arrestede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers”
e4“Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8 caused ectopic expression of these genes in domains of both ovules and anthers where miR167 was normally present”
e5“As a result, ovule integuments had arrested growth, and anthers grew abnormally and failed to release pollen”
Claim · model-written summary
The miR167 target-site mutations made anthers grow abnormally.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Organ / stage
- antherse5
- Treatment
- Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8e4
- Outcome
- anthers grew abnormallye5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers”
e4“Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8 caused ectopic expression of these genes in domains of both ovules and anthers where miR167 was normally present”
e5“As a result, ovule integuments had arrested growth, and anthers grew abnormally and failed to release pollen”
Claim · model-written summary
The miR167 target-site mutations made anthers fail to release pollen.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Organ / stage
- antherse5
- Treatment
- Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8e4
- Outcome
- failed to release pollene5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers”
e4“Mutations in the miR167 target sites of ARF6 or ARF8 caused ectopic expression of these genes in domains of both ovules and anthers where miR167 was normally present”
e5“As a result, ovule integuments had arrested growth, and anthers grew abnormally and failed to release pollen”
Claim · model-written summary
miR167 is essential for correct patterning of gene expression and for fertility of ovules and anthers.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- miR167e6
- Outcome
- fertility of both ovules and antherse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Two Arabidopsis Auxin Response Factors, ARF6 and ARF8, regulate gynoecium and stamen development in immature flowers”
e6“Thus, miR167 is essential for correct patterning of gene expression, and for fertility of both ovules and anthers”
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