Abstract
Species in the Botryosphaeriaceae are known to produce cankers, dieback, blights, and leaf spots on many hosts, mainly under stress conditions. Several Botryosphaeria spp. may also cause pre- or post-harvest decay of stone fruit, such as peaches (2). In June 2012, fruit of plum (Prunus domestica cv. Golden Japan) showing soft, brown, and slightly sunken necrotic lesions were observed in several orchards affected by hail in Cordoba province (southern Spain). Symptomatic fruit were collected and incubated at 25°C and 100% relative humidity. Isolations were done on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Mycelium and black pycnidia developed on the surface of incubated fruit and on PDA plates. Conidia were hyaline, aseptate, and fusoid. According to morphological criteria, the fungus was identified as Fusicoccum aesculi, the anamorph of Botryosphaeria dothidea (3). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was amplified with primers ITS4/ITS5 and sequenced. BLAST analysis of the 528-bp fragment showed 100% homology with the sequence of B. dothidea. Pathogenicity tests were performed on immature healthy fruit (2 weeks before harvest) of the same cultivar from the same orchards. Fruit were washed in deionized water with Tween 20 (Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monolaureate 99%, 0.1 ml/liter) and surface sterilized in 10% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min. Twenty-four fruit were inoculated using mycelial-agar discs. Twelve fruit were previously wounded with a sterile 0.5-mm-diameter needle. The same number of fruit, wounded and unwounded, served as a control. All fruit were incubated at 25°C and 100% relative humidity. Seven days after inoculation, 83% of wounded inoculated fruit showed rot symptoms. After 9 days, fruit rot symptoms started to appear on unwounded inoculated fruit. Twenty days after inoculation, 100% of wounded and unwounded fruit showed rot symptoms that led to mummification of the fruit. Pycnidia developed on inoculated fruit and the fungus was reisolated. No symptoms developed on control fruit. These results demonstrate that B. dothidea is pathogenic on plum and that wounds favor infection, although they are not needed. To our knowledge this is the first report of B. dothidea causing fruit rot of plum in Spain. This pathogen is well known in southern Spain causing a serious fruit rot of olive (1) and could have a great impact on plum production in this region, especially when there is damage to the fruits as occurred this year with hail. References: (1) J. Moral et al. Phytopathology 100:1340, 2010. (2) J. M. Ogawa et al. Compendium of Stone Fruit Diseases. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, 1995. (3) B. Slippers et al. Mycologia 96:83, 2004.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Necrotic lesions occurred on plum fruit in hail-affected orchards in Cordoba.
- Taxon
- plum
Prunus domesticae0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit of plum (Prunus domestica cv. Golden Japan) showing soft, brown, and slightly sunken necrotic lesions were observed in several orchards affected by hail in Cordoba province (southern Spain)”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungus isolated from plum lesions was identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea by morphology and sequence homology.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
- Interactor
- Botryosphaeria dothidea
_Cesati_%26_DeNotaris_661320.jpg?width=60)
Botryosphaeria dothideae0t0pathogen
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Cesati_%26_DeNotaris_661320.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the fungus was identified as Fusicoccum aesculi, the anamorph of Botryosphaeria dothidea”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungal sequence had 100% homology with B. dothidea.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
- Interactor
- B. dothideaBotryosphaeria dothideae0t0pathogen
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BLAST analysis of the 528-bp fragment showed 100% homology with the sequence of B. dothidea.”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
At seven days, 83% of wounded inoculated plum fruit had rot.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seven days after inoculation, 83% of wounded inoculated fruit showed rot symptoms.”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
Rot first appeared in unwounded inoculated fruit after nine days.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 9 days, fruit rot symptoms started to appear on unwounded inoculated fruit.”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
After twenty days, all wounded inoculated fruit showed rot and mummification.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Twenty days after inoculation, 100% of wounded and unwounded fruit showed rot symptoms that led to mummification of the fruit.”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
After twenty days, all unwounded inoculated fruit showed rot and mummification.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Twenty days after inoculation, 100% of wounded and unwounded fruit showed rot symptoms that led to mummification of the fruit.”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
No control plum fruit developed symptoms.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No symptoms developed on control fruit.”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungus was reisolated from inoculated plum fruit.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pycnidia developed on inoculated fruit and the fungus was reisolated.”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding favored infection but was not required.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wounds favor infection, although they are not needed”
t0“Plum”
Claim · model-written summary
This is reported as the first record of B. dothidea causing plum fruit rot in Spain.
- Taxon
- plumPrunus domesticae0t0
- Interactor
- B. dothideaBotryosphaeria dothideae0t0pathogen
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this is the first report of B. dothidea causing fruit rot of plum in Spain”
t0“Plum”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Prunus domestica (plum)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.