Abstract
Spring soil temperature and soil water content can be influenced by tillage system. If a tillage system and planting date interaction exists, planting on a single date, as is done in most tillage trials, could bias yield results. We tested for this interaction by comparing corn ( Zea mays L.) and soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields using strip tillage, no tillage, and disk‐chisel tillage systems with planting dates determined by soil temperature and water content conditions within each tillage system. A 3‐yr study (2002–2004) was conducted on a site near Newton, IA that had three soil types: Cumulic Hapludolls, Aquic Hapludolls, and Cumulic Haplaquolls. A split‐plot design was used with tillage as whole plots arranged in four randomized complete blocks. Crops in all tillage system treatments were planted on three dates that comprised the split‐plots. The criteria to determine the planting dates were soil temperature (>10°C for corn and >13°C for soybean for 12 consecutive hours) and soil water content (less than or equal to the lower plastic limit for any of the tillage treatments) at the 0.05‐m depth. A planting date occurred for each of the tillage systems as these criteria were met. For both crops, the earliest date having these soil conditions occurred simultaneously for disk‐chisel and strip tillage. The no‐tillage plots exhibited these conditions between 4 and 28 d and between 6 and 15 d later for corn and soybean, respectively, than for the other tillage treatments. Corn planted with disk‐chisel tillage yielded 0.8 Mg ha −1 more than the mean of the other two tillage treatments across years. Planting date affected corn yield only in 2003. For soybean, planting date affected yield. Soybean planted at the early planting date yielded 0.16 Mg ha −1 more than the mean of the other planting dates across years. There was no interaction of tillage × planting date for yield of either crop. This research indicates that recommendations derived from existing tillage research using a common planting date are valid.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The earliest suitable planting date coincided for disk‐chisel and strip tillage for both crops.
- Taxon
- corn and soybean
Glycine max
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- disk‐chisel and strip tillagee0
- Outcome
- earliest date having these soil conditionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both crops, the earliest date having these soil conditions occurred simultaneously for disk‐chisel and strip tillage.”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Suitable soil conditions in no‐tillage corn plots occurred 4 to 28 days later.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- no‐tillagee0
- Outcome
- these conditionse0
- Direction
- latere0
- Value
- 4 and 28 de0
- Comparator
- other tillage treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The no‐tillage plots exhibited these conditions between 4 and 28 d and between 6 and 15 d later for corn and soybean, respectively, than for the other tillage treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Suitable soil conditions in no‐tillage soybean plots occurred 6 to 15 days later.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- no‐tillagee0
- Outcome
- these conditionse0
- Direction
- latere0
- Value
- 6 and 15 de0
- Comparator
- other tillage treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The no‐tillage plots exhibited these conditions between 4 and 28 d and between 6 and 15 d later for corn and soybean, respectively, than for the other tillage treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Disk‐chisel tillage increased corn yield by 0.8 Mg ha −1 against the other two treatments.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- disk‐chisel tillagee0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 0.8 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- the other two tillage treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn planted with disk‐chisel tillage yielded 0.8 Mg ha −1 more than the mean of the other two tillage treatments across years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting date affected corn yield only in 2003.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Planting datee0
- Outcome
- corn yielde0
- Qualifier
- only in 2003e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting date affected corn yield only in 2003.”
Claim · model-written summary
Early planting increased soybean yield by 0.16 Mg ha −1 against other dates.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- early planting datee0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 0.16 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- other planting datese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean planted at the early planting date yielded 0.16 Mg ha −1 more than the mean of the other planting dates across years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither crop showed a tillage by planting date interaction for yield.
- Taxon
- Corn and SoybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- interaction of tillage × planting date for yielde0
- Direction
- noe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no interaction of tillage × planting date for yield of either crop.”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that recommendations based on common planting dates remain valid.
- Taxon
- Corn and SoybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- recommendations derived from existing tillage research using a common planting date are valide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research indicates that recommendations derived from existing tillage research using a common planting date are valid.”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
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See all 1,099 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.