Abstract
Aluminium (Al) can stimulate the efflux of malate and other organic acids from root apices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. This response has been implicated in a mechanism of Al tolerance since the amount of malate released from an Al-tolerant genotype was 5-10-fold greater than the amount released from a near-isogenic, but Al sensitive, genotype. In the present study, 36 wheat cultivars were screened for Al tolerance and for the amount of malate released from their root apices with a standard A1 treatment. Excised root apices (3.0 mm) were used to measure malate efflux, and the relative tolerance to Al was determined from root growth measurements in 3 and 10μM AlCl3 with 200 μM CaCl2, pH 4.3. There was a significant correlation between relative tolerance of the genotypes to Al and the amount of malate released from their root apices. Growth measurements were also used to investigate the amelioration of Al toxicity by exogenous malate. In the presence of 3 μM Al alone, relative root growth of an Al-sensitive genotype was reduced to 13% of the control. Addition of 10 μM malate to the solution increased relative root growth to 50%, and 20 µM malate completely alleviated the Al-induced inhibition of root growth. The results support the hypothesis that the Al-stimulated efflux of malate from root apices is involved in a general mechanism for Al tolerance in wheat.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum-tolerant wheat released 5–10 times more malate than a near-isogenic sensitive genotype.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- Al-tolerant genotypee0
- Outcome
- amount of malate releasede0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 5-10-folde0
- Comparator
- near-isogenic, but Al sensitive, genotypee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the amount of malate released from an Al-tolerant genotype was 5-10-fold greater than the amount released from a near-isogenic, but Al sensitive, genotype”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative aluminum tolerance significantly correlated with root-apex malate release across 36 wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- root apicese0
- Compound
- malatee0
- Outcome
- relative tolerance of the genotypes to Ale0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a significant correlation between relative tolerance of the genotypes to Al and the amount of malate released from their root apices”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
At 3 μM Al, root growth of an Al-sensitive genotype fell to 13% of control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Al-sensitive genotypee0
- Treatment
- 3 μM Al alonee0
- Outcome
- relative root growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 13%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of 3 μM Al alone, relative root growth of an Al-sensitive genotype was reduced to 13% of the control”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 10 μM malate raised relative root growth to 50%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 10 μM malatee0
- Outcome
- relative root growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of 10 μM malate to the solution increased relative root growth to 50%”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 20 µM malate completely alleviated aluminum-induced root-growth inhibition.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 20 µM malatee0
- Outcome
- Al-induced inhibition of root growthe0
- Direction
- completely alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“20 µM malate completely alleviated the Al-induced inhibition of root growth”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that aluminum-stimulated malate efflux is involved in wheat aluminum tolerance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- root apicese0
- Compound
- malatee0
- Outcome
- Al tolerance in wheate0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Al-stimulated efflux of malate from root apices is involved in a general mechanism for Al tolerance in wheat”
t0“Wheat”
The same questions in other papers
aluminium atom · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
63 papers more in this group
See all 67 papers →malate · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.