Abstract
Free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) and nitrogen (N) have marked effects on rice root growth, and numerical simulation can explain these effects. To further define the effects of FACE on root growth of rice, an experiment was performed, using the hybrid indica cultivar Xianyou 63. The effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration [CO2], 200 μmol mol− 1 higher than ambient, on the growth of rice adventitious roots were evaluated, with two levels of N: low (LN, 125 kg ha− 1) and normal (NN, 250 kg ha− 1). The results showed a significant increase in both adventitious root number (ARN) and adventitious root length (ARL) under FACE treatment. The application of nitrogen also increased ARN and ARL, but these increases were smaller than that under FACE treatment. On the basis of the FACE experiment, numerical models for rice adventitious root number and length were constructed with time as the driving factor. The models illustrated the dynamic development of rice adventitious root number and length after transplanting, regulated either by atmospheric [CO2] or by N application. The simulation result was supported by statistical tests comparing experimental data from different years, and the model yields realistic predictions of root growth. These results suggest that the models have strong predictive potential under conditions of atmospheric [CO2] rises in the future.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
FACE significantly increased adventitious root number.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Organ / stage
- adventitious roote0
- Treatment
- FACE treatmente0
- Outcome
- adventitious root numbere0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedMaterialComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed a significant increase in both adventitious root number (ARN) and adventitious root length (ARL) under FACE treatment.”
e1“root growth of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
FACE significantly increased adventitious root length.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- adventitious roote0
- Treatment
- FACE treatmente0
- Outcome
- adventitious root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed a significant increase in both adventitious root number (ARN) and adventitious root length (ARL) under FACE treatment.”
e1“root growth of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased adventitious root number, less than FACE.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- application of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- adventitious root numbere1
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- smaller than that under FACE treatmente0
- Comparator
- FACE treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of nitrogen also increased ARN and ARL, but these increases were smaller than that under FACE treatment.”
e1“adventitious root number (ARN)”
e2“root growth of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased adventitious root length, less than FACE.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- application of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- adventitious root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- smaller than that under FACE treatmente0
- Comparator
- FACE treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of nitrogen also increased ARN and ARL, but these increases were smaller than that under FACE treatment.”
e1“adventitious root length (ARL)”
e2“root growth of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Numerical models described dynamic rice adventitious root number and length after transplanting under CO2 and nitrogen conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- dynamic development of rice adventitious root number and lengthe0
- Qualifier
- after transplantinge0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The models illustrated the dynamic development of rice adventitious root number and length after transplanting, regulated either by atmospheric [CO2] or by N application.”
Claim · model-written summary
The root growth model produced realistic predictions supported by statistical comparisons with data from different years.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- predictions of root growthe0
- Comparator
- experimental data from different yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The simulation result was supported by statistical tests comparing experimental data from different years, and the model yields realistic predictions of root growth.”
e1“numerical models for rice adventitious root number and length”
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See all 511 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.