Abstract
We analysed the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina. Some are commercial clones planted in the area, and others belong to a poplar breeding program from the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) in Argentina. Potted plants of 60 cm high growing in a greenhouse were watered (control) or submerged in water 10 cm above soil level (flooding treatment) for 35 d. Flooding reduced growth in height and diameter (combined as the volume index), total leaf area, photosynthesis (measured as electron transport rate) and stomatal conductance. In flooded plants, the number and area of newly formed leaves were also reduced. In some clones, flooding accelerated the senescence of basal leaves and induced the development of adventitious roots. A hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to classify the responses of the clones to flooding. Evaluating flooding tolerance as less reduction in growth and retention of a higher leaf area under flooding conditions, three groups with different degrees of flooding tolerance were identified: clone Alton was the most tolerant; clones A129-60, A106-60, SIA 22-85, Catfish 2 and 150-82 showed intermediate tolerance; and the remainder of the clones had low flooding tolerance. This information will be useful to recommend clones to be planted in flood-prone areas, and to select parents to be used in breeding programs.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Flooding reduced growth in height and diameter (volume index) of the poplar clones.
- Treatment
- submerged in water 10 cm above soil levele1
- Outcome
- growth in height and diametere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
PopulusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flooding reduced growth in height and diameter”
e1“watered (control) or submerged in water 10 cm above soil level (flooding treatment) for 35 d”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
Flooding reduced total leaf area of the poplar clones.
- Treatment
- submerged in water 10 cm above soil levele1
- Outcome
- total leaf areae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flooding reduced growth in height and diameter (combined as the volume index), total leaf area”
e1“watered (control) or submerged in water 10 cm above soil level (flooding treatment) for 35 d”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
Flooding reduced photosynthesis (electron transport rate) and stomatal conductance.
- Treatment
- submerged in water 10 cm above soil levele1
- Outcome
- photosynthesis (measured as electron transport rate) and stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flooding reduced growth in height and diameter (combined as the volume index), total leaf area, photosynthesis (measured as electron transport rate) and stomatal conductance”
e1“watered (control) or submerged in water 10 cm above soil level (flooding treatment) for 35 d”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
In flooded plants the number and area of newly formed leaves were also reduced.
- Treatment
- submerged in water 10 cm above soil levele1
- Outcome
- number and area of newly formed leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In flooded plants, the number and area of newly formed leaves were also reduced”
e1“watered (control) or submerged in water 10 cm above soil level (flooding treatment) for 35 d”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
In some clones flooding accelerated the senescence of basal leaves.
- Treatment
- submerged in water 10 cm above soil levele1
- Outcome
- senescence of basal leavese0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In some clones, flooding accelerated the senescence of basal leaves”
e1“watered (control) or submerged in water 10 cm above soil level (flooding treatment) for 35 d”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
In some clones flooding induced the development of adventitious roots.
- Treatment
- submerged in water 10 cm above soil levele1
- Outcome
- development of adventitious rootse0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flooding accelerated the senescence of basal leaves and induced the development of adventitious roots”
e1“watered (control) or submerged in water 10 cm above soil level (flooding treatment) for 35 d”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster analysis identified three groups of clones with different degrees of flooding tolerance.
- Outcome
- three groups with different degrees of flooding tolerancee0
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“three groups with different degrees of flooding tolerance were identified”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
Clone Alton was the most flooding-tolerant.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“clone Alton was the most tolerant”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
Clones A129-60, A106-60, SIA 22-85, Catfish 2 and 150-82 showed intermediate flooding tolerance.
- Material
- A129-60, A106-60, SIA 22-85, Catfish 2 and 150-82e0
- Outcome
- intermediate tolerancee0
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“clones A129-60, A106-60, SIA 22-85, Catfish 2 and 150-82 showed intermediate tolerance”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
The remaining clones had low flooding tolerance.
- Material
- the remainder of the clonese0
- Outcome
- low flooding tolerancee0
- Setting
- Paraná River Delta, Argentinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the remainder of the clones had low flooding tolerance”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors state the tolerance information will help recommend clones for flood-prone areas and select breeding parents.
- Outcome
- recommend clones to be planted in flood-prone arease0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This information will be useful to recommend clones to be planted in flood-prone areas, and to select parents to be used in breeding programs”
e2“the responses to flooding of 14 poplar clones used for forestation at the Paraná River Delta, Argentina”
The same questions in other papers
flooding · physiology: photosynthesis · Populus (poplar)Results differ
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
- negative
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See all 7 papers →flooding · growth · Populus (poplar)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.