Abstract
SUMMARY High volume sprays of dichlofluanid (0.1 % a.i.) reduced total fruit numbers but gave better control of Botrytis cinerea infections of tomato stems, leaves and fruit than sprays at 0.05 or 0.025% a.i. Surface residues from the sprays at 0–1, 0.05 or 0.025% a.i. were respectively 5.4, 1.6, 0.7 μg/g fresh weight of ripe fruit at harvest. Tank‐mixed zineb (0.12% a.i.) and captan (0.2% a.i.) were less effective and increasing the spray intervals from 1 wk to 2 and 3 wk reduced the fungitoxicity of captan and zineb more than that of dichlofluanid. Harvest residues on ripe fruit were 7.1, 2.8 or 2.4 μg/g when dichlofluanid (0.1 % a.i.) sprays were applied at 1, 2 and 3 wk intervals respectively. Good control of B. cinerea was achieved if the whole plant was sprayed initially with dichlofluanid as soon as the second truss was flowering and subsequent sprays were restricted to the upper section of stem including the four or five youngest trusses of buds, flowers and fruit. When used as a post‐infection spray there was a period of c. 8 wk before dichlofluanid markedly reduced the incidence of grey mould. Tank‐mixed zineb (0.12% a.i.) controlled Botrytis fruit spotting but not leaf and stem infections. Botrytis stem lesions extended more rapidly on zineb‐sprayed plants than on unsprayed plants or on plants treated with captan or dichlofluanid.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
High-volume dichlofluanid sprays reduced total tomato fruit numbers.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- High volume sprays of dichlofluanid (0.1 % a.i.)e1
- Outcome
- total fruit numberse1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e1“High volume sprays of dichlofluanid (0.1 % a.i.) reduced total fruit numbers”
Claim · model-written summary
High-volume dichlofluanid sprays gave better control of Botrytis cinerea infections of tomato than sprays at 0.05 or 0.025% a.i.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- High volume sprays of dichlofluanid (0.1 % a.i.)e2
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae1pathogen - Outcome
- control of Botrytis cinerea infectionse1
- Direction
- bettere1
- Comparator
- sprays at 0.05 or 0.025% a.i.e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e1“gave better control of Botrytis cinerea infections of tomato stems, leaves and fruit than sprays at 0.05 or 0.025% a.i.”
e2“High volume sprays of dichlofluanid (0.1 % a.i.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank-mixed zineb (0.12% a.i.) was less effective than dichlofluanid for tomato grey mould control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- zineb (0.12% a.i.)e1
- Outcome
- less effectivee1
- Direction
- less effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e1“zineb (0.12% a.i.) and captan (0.2% a.i.) were less effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank-mixed captan (0.2% a.i.) was less effective than dichlofluanid for tomato grey mould control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- captan (0.2% a.i.)e1
- Outcome
- less effectivee1
- Direction
- less effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e1“zineb (0.12% a.i.) and captan (0.2% a.i.) were less effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing the spray interval from 1 to 2 and 3 weeks reduced the fungitoxicity of captan and zineb more than that of dichlofluanid.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- increasing the spray intervals from 1 wk to 2 and 3 wke4
- Outcome
- fungitoxicity of captan and zinebe4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Comparator
- dichlofluanide4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e4“increasing the spray intervals from 1 wk to 2 and 3 wk reduced the fungitoxicity of captan and zineb more than that of dichlofluanid”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest residues on ripe tomato fruit were 7.1, 2.8 or 2.4 μg/g at 1, 2 and 3 week dichlofluanid spray intervals.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- dichlofluanid (0.1 % a.i.) sprayse5
- Outcome
- Harvest residues on ripe fruite5
- Value
- 7.1, 2.8 or 2.4 μg/ge5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e5“Harvest residues on ripe fruit were 7.1, 2.8 or 2.4 μg/g when dichlofluanid (0.1 % a.i.) sprays were applied at 1, 2 and 3 wk intervals”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface residues of sprays on ripe tomato fruit at harvest were 5.4, 1.6 and 0.7 μg/g.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Surface residuese6
- Value
- 5.4, 1.6, 0.7 μg/ge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e6“Surface residues from the sprays at 0–1, 0.05 or 0.025% a.i. were respectively 5.4, 1.6, 0.7 μg/g fresh weight of ripe fruit at harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole-plant dichlofluanid sprays applied at first flowering of the second truss gave good control of Botrytis cinerea in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- dichlofluanide7
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae7pathogen
- Outcome
- control of B. cinereae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e7“Good control of B. cinerea was achieved if the whole plant was sprayed initially with dichlofluanid”
Claim · model-written summary
Dichlofluanid reduced the incidence of grey mould after a period of about 8 weeks in a post-infection spray.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- dichlofluanide0
- Outcome
- incidence of grey moulde0
- Direction
- markedly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e0“there was a period of c. 8 wk before dichlofluanid markedly reduced the incidence of grey mould”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank-mixed zineb (0.12% a.i.) controlled Botrytis fruit spotting on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- zineb (0.12% a.i.)e1
- Outcome
- Botrytis fruit spottinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e1“zineb (0.12% a.i.) controlled Botrytis fruit spotting but not leaf and stem infections”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank-mixed zineb (0.12% a.i.) did not control leaf and stem infections of tomato by Botrytis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- zineb (0.12% a.i.)e1
- Outcome
- leaf and stem infectionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e1“zineb (0.12% a.i.) controlled Botrytis fruit spotting but not leaf and stem infections”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis stem lesions extended more rapidly on zineb-sprayed tomato plants than on unsprayed plants or on plants treated with captan or dichlofluanid.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- zineb (0.12% a.i.)e3
- Outcome
- Botrytis stem lesionse1
- Direction
- extended more rapidlye1
- Comparator
- unsprayed plants or on plants treated with captan or dichlofluanide2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control of tomato grey mould”
e1“Botrytis stem lesions extended more rapidly”
e2“than on unsprayed plants or on plants treated with captan or dichlofluanid”
e3“zineb (0.12% a.i.) controlled Botrytis fruit spotting but not leaf and stem infections”
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