Abstract
Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit soluble phenolics composition and anti-atherogenic properties were examined in nine diverse Israeli grown varieties. Ethanol and acetone extracts of 'Amari', 'Barhi', 'Deglet Noor', 'Deri', 'Hadrawi', 'Hallawi', 'Hayani', 'Medjool', and 'Zahidi' fruit were analyzed for phenolics composition by RP-HPLC and tested for anti-atherogenicity by measuring their effects on LDL susceptibility to copper ion- and free radical-induced oxidation, and on serum-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages. The most frequently detected phenolics were hydroxybenzoates, hydroxycinnamates, and flavonols. Significant differences in phenolics composition were established between varieties as well as extraction solvents. All extracts inhibited LDL oxidation, and most extracts also stimulated cholesterol removal from macrophages. Considerable varietal differences were measured in the levels of the bioactivities. Also, acetone extracts exhibited a significantly higher anti-atherogenic potency for most varieties. The presence of soluble ingredients with anti-atherogenic capacities in dates and the possible involvement of phenolics are discussed.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The most frequently detected date fruit phenolics were hydroxybenzoates, hydroxycinnamates and flavonols.
- Taxon
- Phoenix dactylifera
Phoenix dactyliferae0 - Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Outcome
- most frequently detected phenolicse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit”
e1“The most frequently detected phenolics were hydroxybenzoates, hydroxycinnamates, and flavonols”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolics composition differed significantly between date varieties.
- Taxon
- Phoenix dactyliferaPhoenix dactyliferae0
- Material
- varietiese2
- Outcome
- phenolics compositione2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit”
e2“Significant differences in phenolics composition were established between varieties as well as extraction solvents”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolics composition differed significantly between extraction solvents.
- Taxon
- Phoenix dactyliferaPhoenix dactyliferae0
- Treatment
- extraction solventse2
- Outcome
- phenolics compositione2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit”
e2“Significant differences in phenolics composition were established between varieties as well as extraction solvents”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanol and acetone date fruit extracts inhibited LDL oxidation.
- Taxon
- Phoenix dactyliferaPhoenix dactyliferae0
- Treatment
- Ethanol and acetone extractse4
- Outcome
- LDL oxidatione3
- Direction
- inhibitede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit”
e3“All extracts inhibited LDL oxidation, and most extracts also stimulated cholesterol removal from macrophages”
e4“Ethanol and acetone extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Most date fruit extracts stimulated cholesterol removal from macrophages.
- Taxon
- Phoenix dactyliferaPhoenix dactyliferae0
- Treatment
- extractse3
- Outcome
- cholesterol removal from macrophagese3
- Direction
- stimulatede3
- Qualifier
- most extractse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit”
e3“All extracts inhibited LDL oxidation, and most extracts also stimulated cholesterol removal from macrophages”
Claim · model-written summary
Bioactivity levels of the date fruit extracts differed considerably between varieties.
- Taxon
- Phoenix dactyliferaPhoenix dactyliferae0
- Outcome
- levels of the bioactivitiese5
- Qualifier
- Considerable varietal differencese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit”
e5“Considerable varietal differences were measured in the levels of the bioactivities”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone extracts had a significantly higher anti-atherogenic potency than the other extracts for most varieties.
- Taxon
- Phoenix dactyliferaPhoenix dactyliferae0
- Treatment
- acetone extractse6
- Outcome
- anti-atherogenic potencye6
- Direction
- highere6
- Qualifier
- for most varietiese6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit”
e6“acetone extracts exhibited a significantly higher anti-atherogenic potency for most varieties”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · molecular: metabolites · Phoenix dactylifera (date palm)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.