Abstract
1. Four lots of barley seedlings were grown on 16-hour photoperiod to ages of 5, 10, 15, and 20 days, respectively, at 65⚬ F. Each lot was then divided into three groups and all were grown for another week under the same conditions of light and photoperiod. One group of each lot, however, was continued during the week at 65⚬ F., one was transferred to 45⚬ F., and the third to 35⚬ F. The plants were then removed from the control rooms and transplanted out of doors for final differential photoperiodic treatment. 2. At the beginning and end of the temperature treatments representative plants from each lot were photographed and dissected. The total number of nodes in the main axis of each was determined, and enlarged photographs of the terminals of the main axes were made. 3. Ten plants from each age and temperature group were subjected to 12,- 16-, 20-, and 24-hour photoperiods after they were moved outside and remained on these photoperiods at natural temperatures for the duration of the experiment. 4. Number of days from planting to awn emergence was determined. At maturity the dry weights of the tops and of the grain were also determined, and counts were made of the number of seeds per plant. 5. Delay in awn emergence resulted from 12-hour photoperiod; the younger the seedling at the time of transfer to this photoperiod the greater the delay. Delay in awn emergence resulted from low temperature applied during the seedling stage. The greatest delay occurred when the youngest seedlings were subjected to a week of low temperature and were subsequently grown on 12-hour photoperiods. Typical temperature after-effects were not observed; the influence of low temperature was expressed through its effect on the growth rate while it was being applied. 6. The plants receiving 12-hour photoperiod did not produce a single fertile seed, but they produced more dry weight than the lots receiving longer photoperiods. The 16-, 20-, and 24-hour photoperiods resulted in lighter plants but all were fertile. Among these three lots best yields in number and weight of seed were obtained from plants on 16-hour photoperiod. 7. The differences resulting from the photoperiodic treatments have been attributed to the influence upon the plants of low-intensity supplemental light.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under 12-hour photoperiod showed Delay in awn emergence.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- 12-hour photoperiode0
- Outcome
- Delay in awn emergencee0
- Direction
- Delaye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“Delay in awn emergence resulted from 12-hour photoperiod”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under this photoperiod showed greater the delay.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- this photoperiode0
- Outcome
- greater the delaye0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“the younger the seedling at the time of transfer to this photoperiod the greater the delay”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under low temperature showed Delay in awn emergence.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- low temperaturee0
- Outcome
- Delay in awn emergencee0
- Direction
- Delaye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“Delay in awn emergence resulted from low temperature applied during the seedling stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under a week of low temperature showed greatest delay.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- a week of low temperaturee0
- Outcome
- greatest delaye0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“The greatest delay occurred when the youngest seedlings were subjected to a week of low temperature and were subsequently grown on 12-hour photoperiods”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under 12-hour photoperiod showed did not produce a single fertile seed.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- 12-hour photoperiode0
- Outcome
- did not produce a single fertile seede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“The plants receiving 12-hour photoperiod did not produce a single fertile seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under 12-hour photoperiod showed more dry weight.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- 12-hour photoperiode1
- Outcome
- more dry weighte0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“but they produced more dry weight than the lots receiving longer photoperiods”
e1“The plants receiving 12-hour photoperiod did not produce a single fertile seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under 16-, 20-, and 24-hour photoperiods showed lighter plants.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- 16-, 20-, and 24-hour photoperiodse0
- Outcome
- lighter plantse0
- Direction
- lightere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“The 16-, 20-, and 24-hour photoperiods resulted in lighter plants”
e1“The plants receiving 12-hour photoperiod did not produce a single fertile seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under 16-, 20-, and 24-hour photoperiods showed all were fertile.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- 16-, 20-, and 24-hour photoperiodse1
- Outcome
- all were fertilee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“all were fertile”
e1“The 16-, 20-, and 24-hour photoperiods resulted in lighter plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley under 16-hour photoperiod showed best yields in number and weight of seed.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- 16-hour photoperiode0
- Outcome
- best yields in number and weight of seede0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“Among these three lots best yields in number and weight of seed were obtained from plants on 16-hour photoperiod”
Claim · model-written summary
Typical temperature after-effects were not observed.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- Typical temperature after-effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“Typical temperature after-effects were not observed”
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