Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether sodium chloride seed priming and irrigation at seedling stage enhance response of 5-leaf stage tomato plants (Lycopersium esculentum Mill.) to high salt stress. Three experimental groups were as; non-primed seeds, seeds primed with 0.05M sodium chloride (NaCl), and seeds primed and irrigated with 0.05M NaCl starting from sowing to salt stress application. Sodium chloride solutions (0.1M, 0.2M, 0.4M, and 0.6M) were added to cups under pots in every 2 days for 10 days to treatment groups. Control groups were irrigated with distilled water at the same time intervals. At least two experimental setups contained at least four plants, and two samplings of leaf and root tissues were performed for analysis of each plant to evaluate changes in pigment and proline contents, lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage levels, and ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activity. Priming reduced mean germination time, and increased final germination percentage together with energy of germination. Increased root and hypocotyl lengths as well as increases in fresh weights supported enhanced seedling vigor. Considering growth and stress parameters such as chlorophyll content, chlorophyll to carotenoid ratios, and lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage were less affected in primed plants. Moreover, improvement of the accumulation of osmoregulating defense molecules, such as proline and anthocyanin, and of the inductions of the antioxidative enzyme system points out to higher adaptive response of these plants against deleterious effects of salt.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl priming reduced mean germination time in tomato.
- Taxon
- TOMATO
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Priminge0
- Outcome
- mean germination timee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming reduced mean germination time”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl priming increased final germination percentage and germination energy in tomato.
- Taxon
- TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Priminge1
- Outcome
- final germination percentage together with energy of germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased final germination percentage together with energy of germination”
e1“Priming reduced mean germination time”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased root and hypocotyl lengths in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Priminge1
- Outcome
- root and hypocotyl lengthse0
- Direction
- Increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased root and hypocotyl lengths”
e1“Priming reduced mean germination time”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased tomato seedling fresh weights.
- Taxon
- TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Priminge1
- Outcome
- fresh weightse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increases in fresh weights supported enhanced seedling vigor”
e1“Priming reduced mean germination time”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed tomato plants showed less alteration of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll-to-carotenoid ratios under salt stress.
- Taxon
- TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- primed plantse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, chlorophyll to carotenoid ratiose0
- Direction
- less affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll content, chlorophyll to carotenoid ratios, and lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage were less affected in primed plants”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed tomato plants showed less alteration of lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage under salt stress.
- Taxon
- TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- primed plantse0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- less affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll content, chlorophyll to carotenoid ratios, and lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage were less affected in primed plants”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed tomato plants showed improved accumulation of proline and anthocyanin.
- Taxon
- TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- primed plantse1
- Outcome
- accumulation of osmoregulating defense molecules, such as proline and anthocyanine0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improvement of the accumulation of osmoregulating defense molecules, such as proline and anthocyanin”
e1“primed plants”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming improved induction of the antioxidative enzyme system in tomato.
- Taxon
- TOMATOSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- primed plantse1
- Outcome
- inductions of the antioxidative enzyme systeme0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of the inductions of the antioxidative enzyme system points out to higher adaptive response”
e1“primed plants”
t0“TOMATO”
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