Abstract
미량원소인 Mo의 시비농도를 인위적으로 조절하여 '금향', '매향' 및 '설향' 딸기를 재배하면서 생장에 미치는 시비수준의 영향, 생육을 우수하게 유지할 수 있는 식물체의 한계농도, 그리고 과잉에 의해 발현되는 생리장해의 특징을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 관비용액의 Mo 농도를 높일 경우 엽록소 함량이 뚜렷하게 직선적으로 감소하여 세 종류 딸기에서 Mo 시비농도의 처리간 차이가 인정되었다. '금향'과 '매향'은 3.0mM 이상, 그리고 '설향' 딸기는 1.0mM 이상의 고농도 Mo 시비구에서 이보다 낮은 Mo 시비구보다 유의하게 생체중 및 건물중이 감소하였다. Mo이 과다하게 시비될 경우 최초의 Mo 과잉증상이 하위엽에서 발현되었으며, 하위엽 가장자리가 황화된 후 괴사하면서 그 부위가 점차 확대되는 양상으로 변화되었다. 또한 하위엽 가장자리가 점차 구리색으로 변하면서 그 부위가 상위엽으로 확대되었으며, 신생엽에서는 엽맥 간 황화현상이 나타났다. Mo 시비농도를 증가시켜도 세 종류 딸기의 식물체 내 P, K 및 Mg 함량은 처리간 통계적인 차이와 경향을 발견할 수 없었다. '금향'과 '설향' 딸기에서 Mo 시비농도에 따른 처리간 Ca 함량의 차이가 인정되었는데 1.0mM Mo 시비구에서 가장 높고, 이보다 높거나 낮은 Mo 시비농도에서 Ca함량이 감소하였다. 관비용액의 Mo 농도를 0.25mM로 조절한 처리의 식물체 내 Mo 함량이 '금향', '매향' 및 '설향'이 각각 76.5, 104.0, $187.3mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$였지만, 시비농도가 높아질수록 식물체내 Mo 함량이 직선적으로 증가하여 4.0mM 시비구에서 각각 4,155, 5,367 및 $2,190mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$으로 분석되었다. 최대생장량의 90% 생장량과 이때의 식물체 내 Mo 함량을 정상적인 작물재배를 위한 최대한계점으로 간주하면 '금향', '매향' 및 '설향' 딸기의 건물중에 기초한 Mo 함량이 각각 653.4, 686.2, 그리고 $589.73mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ 이하를 유지하도록 Mo 시비농도를 조절해야 한다고 판단하였다. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of molybden (Mo) concentrations in fertilizer solution on the growth of and nutrient uptake by domestically bred strawberries. Tissue analysis based on the dry weight was also conducted to determine the threshold levels in plants when Mo toxicity developed in strawberries. The leaf chlorophyll contents decreased lineally as Mo concentrations in the fertilizer solution were elevated. The differences among treatments in chlorophyll contents were statistically significant. The fresh and dry weights decreased significantly when the Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution were higher than 3.0 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 'Maehyang' strawberries and 1.0 mM in 'Seolhyang' strawberry. The elevation of Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution resulted in severe toxicity and crops developed the unique symptoms. The margin of older leaves became yellow and desiccated. Then, the margin of leaf blade rapidly became bronze colored and died as the symptoms spread up the plants. The interveinal area of the young leaves became yellowing. The elevation of Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue P, K, and Mg contents based on the dry weight. The tissue Ca contents were higher in 1.0 mM treatment than other treatments of 'Keumhyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries. The tissue Mo contents based on the dry weight of 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolyahng' strawberries were 76.5, 104.0, and 187.3 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the 0.25 mM treatments and 4,155, 5,367, and 2,190 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the 4.0 mM treatments. The contents increased lineally as Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated. When the concentration of Mo at which growth of crops were retarded by 10% is regarded as threshold level, the Mo contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 653.4, 686.2, and 589.7 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolyahng' strawberries, respectively.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Higher molybdenum decreased leaf chlorophyll content linearly in strawberries.
- Taxon
- strawberries
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Mo concentrations in the fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The leaf chlorophyll contents decreased lineally as Mo concentrations in the fertilizer solution were elevated. The differences among treatments in chlorophyll contents were statistically significant.”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 3.0 mM molybdenum, fresh and dry weight significantly decreased in Keumhyang strawberries.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Keumhyange0
- Treatment
- Mo concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- higher than 3.0 mMe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh and dry weights decreased significantly when the Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution were higher than 3.0 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 'Maehyang' strawberries and 1.0 mM in 'Seolhyang' strawberry.”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 3.0 mM molybdenum, fresh and dry weight significantly decreased in Maehyang strawberries.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Maehyange0
- Treatment
- Mo concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- higher than 3.0 mMe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh and dry weights decreased significantly when the Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution were higher than 3.0 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 'Maehyang' strawberries and 1.0 mM in 'Seolhyang' strawberry.”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 1.0 mM molybdenum, fresh and dry weight significantly decreased in Seolhyang strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Seolhyange0
- Treatment
- Mo concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 1.0 mMe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh and dry weights decreased significantly when the Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution were higher than 3.0 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 'Maehyang' strawberries and 1.0 mM in 'Seolhyang' strawberry.”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess molybdenum caused older leaf margins to yellow and desiccate.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- older leavese0
- Treatment
- elevation of Mo concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- yellow and desiccatede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevation of Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution resulted in severe toxicity and crops developed the unique symptoms. The margin of older leaves became yellow and desiccated.”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess molybdenum caused bronze leaf margins, tissue death, and upward symptom spread.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- leaf bladee0
- Outcome
- bronze colored and diede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Then, the margin of leaf blade rapidly became bronze colored and died as the symptoms spread up the plants.”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess molybdenum caused interveinal yellowing of young leaves.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- young leavese0
- Outcome
- yellowinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interveinal area of the young leaves became yellowing.”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher molybdenum did not influence strawberry tissue P, K, or Mg.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- elevation of Mo concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- tissue P, K, and Mg contentse0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevation of Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue P, K, and Mg contents based on the dry weight.”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Keumhyang tissue Ca was highest at 1.0 mM molybdenum.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Keumhyange0
- Treatment
- 1.0 mM treatmente0
- Outcome
- tissue Ca contentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tissue Ca contents were higher in 1.0 mM treatment than other treatments of 'Keumhyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seolhyang tissue Ca was highest at 1.0 mM molybdenum.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Seolhyange0
- Treatment
- 1.0 mM treatmente0
- Outcome
- tissue Ca contentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tissue Ca contents were higher in 1.0 mM treatment than other treatments of 'Keumhyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries.”
Claim · model-written summary
Keumhyang tissue Mo was 76.5 mg/kg at 0.25 mM and 4,155 mg/kg at 4.0 mM.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Keumhyange0
- Outcome
- tissue Mo contentse0
- Value
- 76.5e0
- Qualifier
- 4,155e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tissue Mo contents based on the dry weight of 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolyahng' strawberries were 76.5, 104.0, and 187.3 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the 0.25 mM treatments and 4,155, 5,367, and 2,190 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the 4.0 mM treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maehyang tissue Mo was 104.0 mg/kg at 0.25 mM and 5,367 mg/kg at 4.0 mM.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Maehyange0
- Outcome
- tissue Mo contentse0
- Value
- 104.0e0
- Qualifier
- 5,367e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tissue Mo contents based on the dry weight of 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolyahng' strawberries were 76.5, 104.0, and 187.3 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the 0.25 mM treatments and 4,155, 5,367, and 2,190 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the 4.0 mM treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seolyahng tissue Mo was 187.3 mg/kg at 0.25 mM and 2,190 mg/kg at 4.0 mM.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Seolyahnge0
- Outcome
- tissue Mo contentse0
- Value
- 187.3e0
- Qualifier
- 2,190e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tissue Mo contents based on the dry weight of 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolyahng' strawberries were 76.5, 104.0, and 187.3 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the 0.25 mM treatments and 4,155, 5,367, and 2,190 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the 4.0 mM treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry tissue Mo increased linearly as fertilizer Mo increased.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Mo concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents increased lineally as Mo concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated.”
t0“Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Keumhyang tissue Mo remain below 653.4 mg/kg dry weight.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Keumhyange0
- Outcome
- Mo contentse0
- Direction
- lower thane0
- Value
- 653.4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Mo contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 653.4, 686.2, and 589.7 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolyahng' strawberries, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Maehyang tissue Mo remain below 686.2 mg/kg dry weight.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Maehyange0
- Outcome
- Mo contentse0
- Direction
- lower thane0
- Value
- 686.2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Mo contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 653.4, 686.2, and 589.7 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolyahng' strawberries, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Seolyahng tissue Mo remain below 589.7 mg/kg dry weight.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Seolyahnge0
- Outcome
- Mo contentse0
- Direction
- lower thane0
- Value
- 589.7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Mo contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 653.4, 686.2, and 589.7 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolyahng' strawberries, respectively.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.