Abstract
미량원소인 Cu 시비농도를 인위적으로 조절하여 '금향', '매향' 및 '설향' 딸기를 재배하면서 시비수준이 생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하였다. 또한 생육을 우수하게 유지할 수 있는 식물체의 Cu 한계농도를 밝혀 딸기 재배 시 영양장해를 진단할 수 있는 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있도록 하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. Cu 시비농도에 영향을 받은 세 종류 딸기 품종의 건물중에서 '금향'과 '매향'은 0.25mM-1.0mM 시비구 간, '설향' 딸기의 경우 0.25mM-3.0mM 시비구 간통계적인 유의차가 없었고, '설향'이 '금향'이나 '매향'보다 Cu 과다시비에 대한 내성이 강함을 알 수 있었다. Cu가 과다하게 시비되어 식물체의 흡수량이 증가하면 신엽에서 엽맥 간 황화현상이나 엽맥 사이에 직선형태의 황화현상이 그리고 하위엽에서는 잎 가장자리가 주황색으로 변하는 증상이 나타났다. 관비용액의 Cu 시비농도를 증가시켜도 세 종류 딸기의 식물체 내 P, K, Ca 및 Mg 함량은 뚜렷한 경향을 발견할 수 없었다. 미량원소 중 Cu 함량은 시비농도가 높아짐에 따라 식물체 내 함량이 직선적으로 증가하였으며, Fe 및 Mo 함량은 관비용액의 Cu 농도에 대한 반응이 뚜렷하지 않았고, 경향도 발견할 수 없었다. '금향', '매향' 및 '설향' 딸기의 최대생장량보다 10% 적은 생장량과 이 때의 식물체내 Cu 함량을 정상 생장을 위한 최대한계점으로 간주하면 '금향' $71.4mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, '매향' $57.9mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, 그리고 '설향' $74.81mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ 이하를 유지하도록 Cu 시비농도를 조절해야 한다고 판단하였다. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of copper concentrations in fertilizer solution on the growth of and nutrient uptake by domestically bred strawberries. The characterization of toxicity symptoms as well as tissue analyses based on dry weight of above ground tissue were also conducted to determine the threshold levels in plants when toxicity developed in copper. The dry weights of the above ground tissue were not significantly different among the treatments of 0.25 mM to 1.0 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 'Maehyang' strawberries and that of 0.25 mM to 3.0 mM in 'Seolhyang' strawberry. This indicates that the 'Seolhyang' strawberry is more tolerant to copper toxicity than 'Keumhyang' or 'Maehyang' strawberries. Application of copper at high concentrations resulted in severe toxicity such as death of extensive areas of leaves. The lower leaves became yellow and die rapidly as the symptoms spread up the plants. The leaf blades and petioles died back to the crown and hang on by mechanical attachment. Symptoms of copper toxicity in lower leaves developed as browning on leaf margins and in patches between leaf veins that became necrotic. The elevation of copper concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents based on the dry weight of the above ground tissue. The tissue copper contents increased lineally as the copper concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated. But the tissue iron, manganese and boron contents were not influenced by the concentrations. When the concentration of copper at which growth of a plant is retarded by 10% is regarded as threshold level, the copper contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 71.4, 57.9 and 74.8 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries, respectively. The symptom characterization and established threshold level in copper toxicity would help growers to prevent the reduction of crop growth and yield in 'Seolhyang' strawberry cultivation.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Above-ground dry weight of Keumhyang strawberry did not differ significantly among 0.25 to 1.0 mM copper treatments.
- Taxon
- strawberries
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Material
- Keumhyange0
- Treatment
- treatments of 0.25 mM to 1.0 mMe0
- Outcome
- dry weights of the above ground tissuee0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The dry weights of the above ground tissue were not significantly different among the treatments of 0.25 mM to 1.0 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 'Maehyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Above-ground dry weight of Maehyang strawberry did not differ significantly among 0.25 to 1.0 mM copper treatments.
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Maehyange0
- Treatment
- treatments of 0.25 mM to 1.0 mMe0
- Outcome
- dry weights of the above ground tissuee0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dry weights of the above ground tissue were not significantly different among the treatments of 0.25 mM to 1.0 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 'Maehyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Above-ground dry weight of Seolhyang strawberry did not differ significantly among 0.25 to 3.0 mM copper treatments.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Material
- Seolhyange1
- Treatment
- 0.25 mM to 3.0 mMe1
- Outcome
- dry weights of the above ground tissuee0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dry weights of the above ground tissue were not significantly different”
e1“that of 0.25 mM to 3.0 mM in 'Seolhyang' strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Seolhyang strawberry is more tolerant to copper toxicity than Keumhyang or Maehyang.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- Seolhyange0
- Outcome
- tolerant to copper toxicitye0
- Direction
- more tolerante0
- Comparator
- 'Keumhyang' or 'Maehyang'e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 'Seolhyang' strawberry is more tolerant to copper toxicity than 'Keumhyang' or 'Maehyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
High copper application caused severe toxicity such as death of extensive areas of leaves in strawberry.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Application of copper at high concentrationse0
- Outcome
- severe toxicity such as death of extensive areas of leavese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of copper at high concentrations resulted in severe toxicity such as death of extensive areas of leaves”
t0“Korean Bred Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower leaves of copper-treated strawberry became yellow and died rapidly as symptoms spread up the plants.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- lower leavese0
- Outcome
- became yellow and die rapidlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lower leaves became yellow and die rapidly as the symptoms spread up the plants”
t0“Korean Bred Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf blades and petioles died back to the crown.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- leaf blades and petiolese0
- Outcome
- died back to the crowne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf blades and petioles died back to the crown”
t0“Korean Bred Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper toxicity symptoms in lower leaves were browning on leaf margins and in patches between leaf veins that became necrotic.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- lower leavese0
- Outcome
- browning on leaf margins and in patches between leaf veins that became necrotice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symptoms of copper toxicity in lower leaves developed as browning on leaf margins and in patches between leaf veins that became necrotic”
t0“Korean Bred Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated copper in the fertilizer solution did not influence tissue phosphorus and potassium contents.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- elevation of copper concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- tissue phosphorus, potassiume0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevation of copper concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents”
t0“Korean Bred Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated copper in the fertilizer solution did not influence tissue calcium and magnesium contents.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- elevation of copper concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- calcium, and magnesium contentse0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevation of copper concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents”
t0“Korean Bred Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Tissue copper content increased linearly as copper concentration in the fertilizer solution was elevated.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- copper concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevatede0
- Outcome
- tissue copper contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tissue copper contents increased lineally as the copper concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
t0“Korean Bred Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Tissue iron, manganese and boron contents were not influenced by the copper concentrations.
- Taxon
- StrawberriesFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- tissue iron, manganese and boron contentse0
- Qualifier
- not influenced by the concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the tissue iron, manganese and boron contents were not influenced by the concentrations”
t0“Korean Bred Strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Tissue copper content in Keumhyang strawberry should be kept below 71.4 mg/kg dry weight (10% growth reduction threshold).
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Material
- Keumhyange1
- Outcome
- copper contentse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 71.4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the copper contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 71.4, 57.9 and 74.8”
e1“'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Tissue copper content in Maehyang strawberry should be kept below 57.9 mg/kg dry weight (10% growth reduction threshold).
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Material
- Maehyange1
- Outcome
- copper contentse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 57.9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the copper contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 71.4, 57.9 and 74.8”
e1“'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Tissue copper content in Seolhyang strawberry should be kept below 74.8 mg/kg dry weight (10% growth reduction threshold).
- Taxon
- strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
- Material
- Seolhyange1
- Outcome
- copper contentse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 74.8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the copper contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 71.4, 57.9 and 74.8”
e1“'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
The same questions in other papers
copper atom · pest · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
fertilization · nutrient: content · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 45 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
57 papers more in this group
See all 61 papers →altitude · nutrient: content · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.