Abstract
SUMMARYThe effect of aqueous extracts and oil of neem (Azadirachta indica) on four soil-borne pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which incite wilt and rot in gram (Cicer arietinum) was studied. Growth of the four pathogens in liquid medium was inhibited by extracts of leaf, trunk bark, fruit pulp, and oil. Of these four extracts, neem oil showed maximum inhibitory effect. The germination of gram seeds was inhibited at higher concentrations of oil. Oil-treated seeds sown in soil infested with the pathogens singly and intermixed produced disease-free seedlings whereas all the seedlings from untreated seeds exhibited disease symptoms. The fruit pulp suppressed formation of Sclerotium of R. solani at all the concentrations. A possible role of neem extracts and oil in controlling gram diseases in field conditions is suggested.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous neem extracts and oil inhibited growth of four soil-borne pathogens in liquid medium.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- aqueous extracts and oil of neem (Azadirachta indica)e1
- Interactor
- soil-borne pathogense1pathogen
- Outcome
- Growth of the four pathogens in liquid mediume2
- Direction
- inhibitede2
- Setting
- liquid mediume2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Gram (Cicer arietinum)”
e1“The effect of aqueous extracts and oil of neem (Azadirachta indica) on four soil-borne pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e2“Growth of the four pathogens in liquid medium was inhibited by extracts of leaf, trunk bark, fruit pulp, and oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil showed the maximum inhibitory effect among the four extracts.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- neem oile3
- Interactor
- soil-borne pathogense1pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibitory effecte3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Comparator
- these four extractse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Gram (Cicer arietinum)”
e1“The effect of aqueous extracts and oil of neem (Azadirachta indica) on four soil-borne pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum”
e3“Of these four extracts, neem oil showed maximum inhibitory effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination of gram seeds was inhibited at higher concentrations of neem oil.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- higher concentrations of oile4
- Outcome
- germination of gram seedse4
- Direction
- inhibitede4
- Qualifier
- at higher concentrationse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Gram (Cicer arietinum)”
e4“The germination of gram seeds was inhibited at higher concentrations of oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil-treated seeds sown in soil infested with pathogens produced disease-free seedlings, whereas seedlings from untreated seeds all showed disease symptoms.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Oil-treated seedse5
- Interactor
- pathogense5pathogen
- Outcome
- disease symptomse5
- Qualifier
- disease-free seedlingse5
- Comparator
- untreated seedse5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Gram (Cicer arietinum)”
e5“Oil-treated seeds sown in soil infested with the pathogens singly and intermixed produced disease-free seedlings whereas all the seedlings from untreated seeds exhibited disease symptoms”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit pulp suppressed formation of Sclerotium of Rhizoctonia solani at all concentrations tested.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- fruit pulpe6
- Interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie6pathogen - Outcome
- formation of Sclerotium of R. solanie6
- Direction
- suppressede6
- Qualifier
- at all the concentrationse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Gram (Cicer arietinum)”
e6“The fruit pulp suppressed formation of Sclerotium of R. solani at all the concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
A possible role of neem extracts and oil in controlling chickpea diseases in field conditions is suggested.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- neem extracts and oile7
- Outcome
- controlling gram diseases in field conditionse7
- Setting
- field conditionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Gram (Cicer arietinum)”
e7“A possible role of neem extracts and oil in controlling gram diseases in field conditions is suggested”
The same questions in other papers
Azadirachta indica · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →botanical · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
43 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
68 papers more in this group
See all 72 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.