Abstract
We investigated how potato exposed to a chemical agent could activate nitric oxide (NO)-dependent events facilitating more potent defense responses to a subsequent pathogen attack. Obtained data revealed that all applied inducers, i.e., β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), laminarin, or 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA), were active stimuli in potentiating NO synthesis in the primed potato. It is assumed, for the mechanism proposed in this paper, that priming involves reversible S-nitrosylated protein (S-nitrosothiols [SNO]) storage as one of the short-term stress imprint components, apart from epigenetic changes sensitized by NO. Based on BABA- and GABA-induced events, it should be stated that a rise in NO generation and coding the NO message in SNO storage at a relatively low threshold together with histone H2B upregulation might create short-term imprint activation, facilitating acquisition of a competence to react faster after challenge inoculation. Laminarin elicited strong NO upregulation with an enhanced SNO pool-altered biochemical imprint in the form of less effective local recall, nevertheless being fully protective in distal responses against P. infestans. In turn, INA showed the most intensified NO generation and abundant formation of SNO, both after the inducer treatment and challenge inoculation abolishing potato resistance against the pathogen. Our results indicate, for the first time, that a precise control of synthesized NO in cooperation with reversible SNO storage and epigenetic modifications might play an important role in integrating and coordinating defense potato responses in the priming phenomenon.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Each of four inducers potentiated nitric oxide synthesis in primed potato.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- all applied inducerse0
- Outcome
- NO synthesise0
- Direction
- potentiatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all applied inducers, i.e., β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), laminarin, or 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA), were active stimuli in potentiating NO synthesis in the primed potato”
Claim · model-written summary
BABA and GABA may produce short-term imprint activation through NO, SNO storage and H2B upregulation.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- BABA- and GABA-induced eventse0
- Gene
- histone H2Be0
- Compound
- NOe0
- Outcome
- short-term imprint activatione0
- Qualifier
- at a relatively low thresholde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on BABA- and GABA-induced events, it should be stated that a rise in NO generation and coding the NO message in SNO storage at a relatively low threshold together with histone H2B upregulation might create short-term imprint activation, facilitating acquisition of a competence to react faster after challenge inoculation”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Laminarin strongly upregulated NO and enhanced the SNO pool.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Laminarine0
- Compound
- SNOe0
- Outcome
- NO upregulatione0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Laminarin elicited strong NO upregulation with an enhanced SNO pool-altered biochemical imprint in the form of less effective local recall, nevertheless being fully protective in distal responses against P. infestans”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Laminarin produced less effective local recall.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Laminarine0
- Interactor
- P. infestanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- local recalle0
- Direction
- less effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Laminarin elicited strong NO upregulation with an enhanced SNO pool-altered biochemical imprint in the form of less effective local recall, nevertheless being fully protective in distal responses against P. infestans”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Laminarin fully protected distal responses against P. infestans.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Laminarine0
- Interactor
- P. infestanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- distal responsese0
- Direction
- fully protectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Laminarin elicited strong NO upregulation with an enhanced SNO pool-altered biochemical imprint in the form of less effective local recall, nevertheless being fully protective in distal responses against P. infestans”
t0“Potato”
Claim · model-written summary
INA yielded the most intensified NO generation.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- INAe0
- Compound
- SNOe0
- Outcome
- NO generatione0
- Direction
- most intensifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“INA showed the most intensified NO generation and abundant formation of SNO, both after the inducer treatment and challenge inoculation abolishing potato resistance against the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
INA produced abundant SNO after treatment and challenge.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- INAe0
- Outcome
- formation of SNOe0
- Direction
- abundante0
- Qualifier
- both after the inducer treatment and challenge inoculatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“INA showed the most intensified NO generation and abundant formation of SNO, both after the inducer treatment and challenge inoculation abolishing potato resistance against the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
INA abolished potato resistance after challenge.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- INAe0
- Outcome
- potato resistance against the pathogene0
- Direction
- abolishinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“INA showed the most intensified NO generation and abundant formation of SNO, both after the inducer treatment and challenge inoculation abolishing potato resistance against the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that NO, SNO storage and epigenetic changes coordinate primed potato defense.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Compound
- NOe0
- Outcome
- defense potato responsese0
- Qualifier
- reversible SNO storage and epigenetic modificationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a precise control of synthesized NO in cooperation with reversible SNO storage and epigenetic modifications might play an important role in integrating and coordinating defense potato responses in the priming phenomenon”
The same questions in other papers
2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid · disease · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.