Abstract
Tomato bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (CMM) is a highly destructive disease that has caused major economic losses in tomato production worldwide. In seeking disease management alternatives, the inhibitory activity of alkaloids extracted from the Red Imported Fire Ant was studied in the laboratory and the greenhouse. Piperidine and piperideine alkaloids each significantly inhibited CMM growth on nutrient agar plates. The inhibitory activity of piperidine alkaloids was stable at 4 ° C and 22 ° C for 12 weeks and at 54 ° C for 4 weeks. The growth of CMM was negatively correlated with the concentration of piperidine alkaloids in nutrient broth. In the greenhouse, piperidine alkaloids also significantly reduced the symptom development on two tomato cultivars, Better Boy and DRK7018F1. This is the first demonstration that piperidine and piperideine alkaloids from the Red Imported Fire Ant are highly inhibitory against a plant-pathogenic bacterium, viz. CMM. Piperidine alkaloids could provide satisfactory management of CMM bacterial canker on tomato seedlings in the greenhouse. Our findings may lead to the development of a new group of bactericides.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Piperidine alkaloids significantly inhibited CMM growth in agar.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Piperidinee0
- Interactor
- CMMe0pathogen
- Outcome
- CMM growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piperidine and piperideine alkaloids each significantly inhibited CMM growth on nutrient agar plates”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Piperideine alkaloids significantly inhibited CMM growth in agar.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- piperideine alkaloidse0
- Interactor
- CMMe0pathogen
- Outcome
- CMM growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piperidine and piperideine alkaloids each significantly inhibited CMM growth on nutrient agar plates”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Piperidine alkaloids retained inhibitory activity for 12 weeks at 4 ° C and 22 ° C.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- inhibitory activity of piperidine alkaloidse0
- Value
- 12 weekse0
- Qualifier
- 4 ° C and 22 ° Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitory activity of piperidine alkaloids was stable at 4 ° C and 22 ° C for 12 weeks”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Piperidine alkaloids retained inhibitory activity for 4 weeks at 54 ° C.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- inhibitory activity of piperidine alkaloidse1
- Value
- 4 weekse0
- Qualifier
- 54 ° Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 54 ° C for 4 weeks”
t0“tomato”
e1“The inhibitory activity of piperidine alkaloids”
Claim · model-written summary
CMM growth declined as piperidine alkaloid concentration rose.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- CMMe0pathogen
- Compound
- piperidine alkaloidse0
- Outcome
- growth of CMMe0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of CMM was negatively correlated with the concentration of piperidine alkaloids in nutrient broth”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Piperidine alkaloids significantly reduced canker symptoms on Better Boy tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- Better Boye0
- Treatment
- piperidine alkaloidse0
- Interactor
- CMMe1pathogen
- Outcome
- symptom developmente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- greenhousee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“piperidine alkaloids also significantly reduced the symptom development on two tomato cultivars, Better Boy and DRK7018F1”
e1“Tomato bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (CMM)”
e2“In the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Piperidine alkaloids significantly reduced canker symptoms on DRK7018F1 tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- DRK7018F1e0
- Treatment
- piperidine alkaloidse0
- Interactor
- CMMe1pathogen
- Outcome
- symptom developmente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“piperidine alkaloids also significantly reduced the symptom development on two tomato cultivars, Better Boy and DRK7018F1”
e1“Tomato bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (CMM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose piperidine alkaloids to manage CMM canker in greenhouse tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Piperidine alkaloidse0
- Interactor
- CMMe0pathogen
- Outcome
- management of CMM bacterial cankere0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Piperidine alkaloids could provide satisfactory management of CMM bacterial canker on tomato seedlings in the greenhouse”
The same questions in other papers
alkalinity · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.