Abstract
Summary Speed of emergence of juveniles from cysts in potato root diffusate (PRD) in vitro differed between Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida and between populations within each species. Early emergence in vitro was slower in most populations of G. pallida than in most populations of G. rostochiensis . Fewer G. rostochiensis juveniles emerged from 4 or 6 month old than from 4 yr old cysts. More G. rostochiensis emerged in solutions of sodium metavanadate at concentrations of 10 ‐2 and 10 ‐3 M than in PRD and as many G. pallida emerged in the same solutions as in PRD. In plots of bare fallowed sandy loam, emergence of G. pallida was stimulated by 10 ‐ ‐ 3 M sodium metavanadate. The emergence of two populations of C. pallida in PRD was stimulated by the addition of benomyl at 0.1 ppm (3.4 × 10 ‐ ‐ 7 m). In microplots, cv. Cara potatoes grown for 8 wk decreased four populations of G. pallida by up to 93%. During a 4 wk period in PRD, more than 20 juveniles per gravid female emerged from five of 25 populations of G. pallida . In root observation boxes in which cv. Désirée was grown, oxamyl applied to the top 15 cm of a peaty loam soil greatly increased G. pallida in soil 1545 cm deep. In another peaty loam, but not in a sandy loam, the same treatment appeared to increase the nematode in soil 15–30 cm deep. Oxamyl incorporated in the uninfested top 15 cm of all three soils largely prevented nematode increase from juveniles migrating upwards from untreated heavily infested soil 15–30 cm deep. These experiments suggest that inadequate control of G. pallida increase on susceptible potatoes by an oximecarbamate nematicide of short persistence, such as oxamyl, is primarily due to the slow rate of juvenile emergence in most populations of G. pallida , with a second generation and the upward migration of juveniles from deeper untreated soil later in the growing season as potential contributory factors.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Juvenile emergence speed differed between the two cyst nematode species and among populations.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Interactor
- Globodera rostochiensis
Globodera rostochiensise0pest - Second interactor
- G. pallidaGlobodera pallidae0pest
- Outcome
- Speed of emergence of juveniles from cystse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Speed of emergence of juveniles from cysts in potato root diffusate (PRD) in vitro differed between Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida and between populations within each species.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Early emergence was slower for most G. pallida populations than most G. rostochiensis populations.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- G. pallidaGlobodera pallidae0pest
- Second interactor
- G. rostochiensisGlobodera rostochiensise0pest
- Outcome
- Early emergencee0
- Direction
- slowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early emergence in vitro was slower in most populations of G. pallida than in most populations of G. rostochiensis .”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Fewer G. rostochiensis juveniles emerged from younger than four year old cysts.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- G. rostochiensisGlobodera rostochiensise0pest
- Outcome
- G. rostochiensis juveniles emergede0
- Direction
- Fewere0
- Comparator
- 4 yr old cystse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fewer G. rostochiensis juveniles emerged from 4 or 6 month old than from 4 yr old cysts.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium metavanadate solutions increased G. rostochiensis emergence relative to potato root diffusate.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- solutions of sodium metavanadate at concentrations of 10 ‐2 and 10 ‐3 Me0
- Interactor
- G. rostochiensisGlobodera rostochiensise0pest
- Outcome
- G. rostochiensis emergede0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Comparator
- PRDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More G. rostochiensis emerged in solutions of sodium metavanadate at concentrations of 10 ‐2 and 10 ‐3 M than in PRD and as many G. pallida emerged in the same solutions as in PRD.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
G. pallida emergence in sodium metavanadate solutions matched that in potato root diffusate.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- solutions of sodium metavanadatee0
- Interactor
- G. pallidaGlobodera pallidae0pest
- Outcome
- G. pallida emergede0
- Direction
- as manye0
- Comparator
- PRDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More G. rostochiensis emerged in solutions of sodium metavanadate at concentrations of 10 ‐2 and 10 ‐3 M than in PRD and as many G. pallida emerged in the same solutions as in PRD.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium metavanadate stimulated G. pallida emergence in fallowed sandy loam.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- 10 ‐ ‐ 3 M sodium metavanadatee0
- Interactor
- G. pallidaGlobodera pallidae0pest
- Outcome
- emergence of G. pallidae0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In plots of bare fallowed sandy loam, emergence of G. pallida was stimulated by 10 ‐ ‐ 3 M sodium metavanadate.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl stimulated emergence of two C. pallida populations in potato root diffusate.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- addition of benomyl at 0.1 ppm (3.4 × 10 ‐ ‐ 7 m)e0
- Interactor
- C. pallidae0pest
- Outcome
- emergence of two populations of C. pallidae0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The emergence of two populations of C. pallida in PRD was stimulated by the addition of benomyl at 0.1 ppm (3.4 × 10 ‐ ‐ 7 m).”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Growing Cara potatoes for eight weeks reduced four G. pallida populations by up to 93%.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Material
- cv. Carae0
- Treatment
- cv. Cara potatoes grown for 8 wke0
- Interactor
- G. pallidaGlobodera pallidae0pest
- Outcome
- four populations of G. pallidae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- up to 93%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In microplots, cv. Cara potatoes grown for 8 wk decreased four populations of G. pallida by up to 93%.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
More than 20 juveniles per gravid female emerged from five of 25 G. pallida populations in four weeks.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- G. pallidaGlobodera pallidae0pest
- Outcome
- juveniles per gravid female emergede0
- Value
- more than 20 juveniles per gravid femalee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During a 4 wk period in PRD, more than 20 juveniles per gravid female emerged from five of 25 populations of G. pallida .”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Topsoil oxamyl greatly increased G. pallida in deeper peaty loam with Désirée potatoes.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Material
- cv. Désiréee0
- Treatment
- oxamyl applied to the top 15 cme0
- Interactor
- G. pallidaGlobodera pallidae0pest
- Outcome
- G. pallida in soil 1545 cm deepe0
- Direction
- greatly increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In root observation boxes in which cv. Désirée was grown, oxamyl applied to the top 15 cm of a peaty loam soil greatly increased G. pallida in soil 1545 cm deep.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxamyl appeared to increase the nematode in deep peaty loam, but not sandy loam.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- same treatmente0
- Outcome
- nematode in soil 15–30 cm deepe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- a sandy loame0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In another peaty loam, but not in a sandy loam, the same treatment appeared to increase the nematode in soil 15–30 cm deep.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxamyl in uninfested topsoil largely prevented increases due to upward migrating nematodes.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Oxamyl incorporated in the uninfested top 15 cme0
- Outcome
- nematode increasee0
- Direction
- largely preventede0
- Comparator
- untreated heavily infested soil 15–30 cm deepe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oxamyl incorporated in the uninfested top 15 cm of all three soils largely prevented nematode increase from juveniles migrating upwards from untreated heavily infested soil 15–30 cm deep.”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute inadequate G. pallida control by short persistence oximecarbamates mainly to slow juvenile emergence, with later generations and migration as possible contributors.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- oximecarbamate nematicide of short persistence, such as oxamyle0
- Interactor
- G. pallidaGlobodera pallidae0pest
- Outcome
- inadequate control of G. pallida increasee0
- Qualifier
- slow rate of juvenile emergencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These experiments suggest that inadequate control of G. pallida increase on susceptible potatoes by an oximecarbamate nematicide of short persistence, such as oxamyl, is primarily due to the slow rate of juvenile emergence in most populations of G. pallida , with a second generation and the upward migration of juveniles from deeper untreated soil later in the growing season as potential contributory factors.”
t0“potato”
The same questions in other papers
oxamyl · Globodera pallida · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →oxamyl · Nematoda · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.