Abstract
ABSTRACT Although rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is known to stimulate the growth of agronomic weeds, the impact of increasing CO 2 on herbicide efficacy has not been elucidated for field‐grown crops. Genetically modified soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (i.e., Round‐up Ready soybean) was grown over a 2‐yr period at ambient and projected levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 , 250 μmol mol −1 above ambient), with and without application of the herbicide, glyphosate [ N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine], to assess the impact of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO 2 ] on chemical efficacy of weed control. For both years, soybean showed a significant vegetative response to elevated [CO 2 ], but no consistent effect on seed yield. For 2003, weed populations for all treatments consisted entirely of C 4 grasses, with no [CO 2 ] effects on weed biomass (unsprayed plots) or glyphosate efficacy (sprayed plots). However, in 2004, weed populations were mixed and included C 3 and C 4 broadleaves as well as C 4 grasses. In this same year, a significant increase in both C 3 broadleaf populations and total weed biomass was observed as a function of [CO 2 ] (unsprayed plots). In addition, a [CO 2 ] by glyphosate interaction was observed with significant C 3 broadleaf weed biomass remaining after glyphosate application. Overall, these data emphasize the potential consequences for CO 2 –induced changes in weed populations, biomass, and subsequent glyphosate efficacy in Round‐up Ready soybean.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 gave soybean a significant vegetative response.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- elevated [CO 2 ]e0
- Outcome
- vegetative responsee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both years, soybean showed a significant vegetative response to elevated [CO 2 ]”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 had no consistent effect on soybean seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- elevated [CO 2 ]e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both years, soybean showed a significant vegetative response to elevated [CO 2 ]”
e1“but no consistent effect on seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2003, elevated CO2 had no effect on weed biomass in unsprayed plots or on glyphosate efficacy in sprayed plots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- [CO 2 ]e2
- Interactor
- C 4 grassese2weed
- Outcome
- weed biomasse2
- Qualifier
- glyphosate efficacy (sprayed plots)e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both years, soybean showed a significant vegetative response to elevated [CO 2 ]”
e2“For 2003, weed populations for all treatments consisted entirely of C 4 grasses, with no [CO 2 ] effects on weed biomass (unsprayed plots) or glyphosate efficacy (sprayed plots)”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2004, elevated CO2 significantly increased C 3 broadleaf weed populations and total weed biomass in unsprayed plots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- [CO 2 ]e3
- Interactor
- C 3 broadleafe3weed
- Outcome
- C 3 broadleaf populations and total weed biomasse3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Qualifier
- unsprayed plotse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both years, soybean showed a significant vegetative response to elevated [CO 2 ]”
e3“a significant increase in both C 3 broadleaf populations and total weed biomass was observed as a function of [CO 2 ] (unsprayed plots)”
Claim · model-written summary
A CO2 by glyphosate interaction left significant C 3 broadleaf weed biomass after glyphosate application.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosate applicatione4
- Interactor
- C 3 broadleafe4weed
- Outcome
- C 3 broadleaf weed biomasse4
- Qualifier
- [CO 2 ] by glyphosate interactione4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both years, soybean showed a significant vegetative response to elevated [CO 2 ]”
e4“a [CO 2 ] by glyphosate interaction was observed with significant C 3 broadleaf weed biomass remaining after glyphosate application”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 96 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.