Abstract
Omethoate, an organophosphorus insecticide used for early control of redlegged earth mite on legume seed, was toxic to some Rhizobium strains on direct contact when diffused through agar seeded with these bacteria or mixed in broth cultures containing the bacteria. Omethoate mixed with peat-based legume inoculant and applied to seed of subterranean clover or lucerne significantly (P<0.05) reduced the number of nodules formed over 3 weeks on seedlings grown in pots of sand, compared with inoculated controls. Most nodules were immature and located on lateral roots, and plant dry matter at 4 weeks was significantly (P<0.05) less for lucerne. Significantly (P<0.05) fewer rhizobia were recovered from seeds and seedlings of lucerne when seed was treated with omethoate. When subterranean clover seed was pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculation and sown into moist sand, there were no significant differences in the mean numbers of rhizobia, mean numbers of nodules or dry matter compared with inoculated controls. With lucerne, the number of nodules formed following omethoate pretreatment was significantly less than on inoculated controls at day 21 but not at day 30, and the dry matter at day 30 was not adversely affected. Rhizobia numbers were reduced less than by mixing omethoate and inoculant, so more taproot nodulation occurred and more of the nodules were functional (i.e. N2-fixing) at 3 weeks. In a field trial with pea, white clover and murex medic, seed pretreatment with omethoate before inoculation had no effect on nodule number 9-11 weeks after sowing, compared with inoculated controls.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Omethoate was toxic to some Rhizobium strains on direct contact.
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Omethoate, an organophosphorus insecticide used for early control of redlegged earth mite on legume seed, was toxic to some Rhizobium strains on direct contact”
t0“Using omethoate insecticide and legume inoculant on seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Omethoate applied to seed with peat-based inoculant significantly reduced nodule number on subterranean clover and lucerne seedlings compared with inoculated controls.
- Taxon
- subterranean clover or lucerne
Medicago sativa
Trifolium subterraneume2 - Treatment
- Omethoate mixed with peat-based legume inoculante2
- Outcome
- number of nodulese2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Qualifier
- P<0.05e2
- Comparator
- inoculated controlse2
- Setting
- pots of sande2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Omethoate mixed with peat-based legume inoculant and applied to seed of subterranean clover or lucerne significantly (P<0.05) reduced the number of nodules formed over 3 weeks on seedlings grown in pots of sand, compared with inoculated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Omethoate seed treatment significantly reduced rhizobia recovered from lucerne seeds and seedlings.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae3
- Treatment
- seed was treated with omethoatee3
- Interactor
- rhizobiae3symbiont
- Outcome
- rhizobia were recovered from seeds and seedlingse3
- Direction
- fewere3
- Qualifier
- P<0.05e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Significantly (P<0.05) fewer rhizobia were recovered from seeds and seedlings of lucerne when seed was treated with omethoate”
Claim · model-written summary
Omethoate with inoculant significantly reduced dry matter at 4 weeks in lucerne.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae4
- Treatment
- Omethoate mixed with peat-based legume inoculante2
- Outcome
- plant dry mattere4
- Direction
- lesse4
- Qualifier
- at 4 weekse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“plant dry matter at 4 weeks was significantly (P<0.05) less for lucerne”
e2“Omethoate mixed with peat-based legume inoculant and applied to seed of subterranean clover or lucerne significantly (P<0.05) reduced the number of nodules formed over 3 weeks on seedlings grown in pots of sand, compared with inoculated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreating subterranean clover seed with omethoate before inoculation had no significant effect on rhizobia, nodules or dry matter.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneume5
- Treatment
- pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculatione5
- Interactor
- rhizobiae5symbiont
- Outcome
- mean numbers of rhizobia, mean numbers of nodules or dry mattere5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Comparator
- inoculated controlse5
- Setting
- moist sande5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“When subterranean clover seed was pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculation and sown into moist sand, there were no significant differences in the mean numbers of rhizobia, mean numbers of nodules or dry matter compared with inoculated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
With lucerne, omethoate pretreatment significantly reduced nodule number compared with inoculated controls at day 21.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae6
- Treatment
- omethoate pretreatmente6
- Outcome
- the number of nodules formede6
- Direction
- lesse6
- Qualifier
- at day 21e6
- Comparator
- inoculated controlse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“With lucerne, the number of nodules formed following omethoate pretreatment was significantly less than on inoculated controls at day 21 but not at day 30, and the dry matter at day 30 was not adversely affected”
Claim · model-written summary
With lucerne, omethoate pretreatment did not significantly change nodule number at day 30.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae6
- Treatment
- omethoate pretreatmente6
- Outcome
- the number of nodules formede6
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede6
- Qualifier
- at day 30e6
- Comparator
- inoculated controlse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“With lucerne, the number of nodules formed following omethoate pretreatment was significantly less than on inoculated controls at day 21 but not at day 30, and the dry matter at day 30 was not adversely affected”
Claim · model-written summary
With lucerne, omethoate pretreatment did not adversely affect dry matter at day 30.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae6
- Treatment
- omethoate pretreatmente6
- Outcome
- the dry mattere7
- Direction
- not adversely affectede7
- Qualifier
- at day 30e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“With lucerne, the number of nodules formed following omethoate pretreatment was significantly less than on inoculated controls at day 21 but not at day 30, and the dry matter at day 30 was not adversely affected”
e7“and the dry matter at day 30 was not adversely affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreatment reduced rhizobia numbers less than mixing omethoate and inoculant.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneume5
- Treatment
- pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculatione5
- Outcome
- Rhizobia numberse0
- Direction
- reduced lesse0
- Comparator
- mixing omethoate and inoculante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“When subterranean clover seed was pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculation and sown into moist sand”
e0“Rhizobia numbers were reduced less than by mixing omethoate and inoculant”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreatment gave more taproot nodulation than mixing omethoate and inoculant.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneume5
- Treatment
- pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculatione5
- Outcome
- taproot nodulatione1
- Direction
- moree1
- Comparator
- mixing omethoate and inoculante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“When subterranean clover seed was pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculation and sown into moist sand”
e0“Rhizobia numbers were reduced less than by mixing omethoate and inoculant”
e1“so more taproot nodulation occurred”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreatment gave more functional nodules at 3 weeks than mixing omethoate and inoculant.
- Taxon
- subterranean cloverTrifolium subterraneume5
- Treatment
- pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculatione5
- Outcome
- nodules were functional (i.e. N2-fixing)e1
- Direction
- moree1
- Qualifier
- at 3 weekse1
- Comparator
- mixing omethoate and inoculante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“When subterranean clover seed was pretreated with omethoate 16 h before inoculation and sown into moist sand”
e0“Rhizobia numbers were reduced less than by mixing omethoate and inoculant”
e1“more of the nodules were functional (i.e. N2-fixing) at 3 weeks”
Claim · model-written summary
In a field trial, seed pretreatment with omethoate before inoculation had no effect on nodule number in pea, white clover and murex medic.
Verbatim
e0“In a field trial with pea, white clover and murex medic, seed pretreatment with omethoate before inoculation had no effect on nodule number 9-11 weeks after sowing, compared with inoculated controls”
The same questions in other papers
growing medium · symbiosis · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
inoculation · symbiosis · Trifolium subterraneumPositive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →growing medium · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →inoculation · symbiosis · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
53 papers more in this group
See all 57 papers →inoculation · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 121 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
133 papers more in this group
See all 137 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.