Abstract
Gibberellin inhibitor growth regulators are used for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) canopy manipulation to avoid excess growth and yield losses. However, under temperatures below or over the optimum for cotton production the effect of mepiquat chloride (MC) has not always been significant. In this experiment, cotton plants were grown in growth chambers to study the response to MC as affected by temperature and to determine if an increase in dose could overcome the temperature effects. Mepiquat chloride was applied at rates of 0, 15 and 30 g ai ha-1 at the pinhead square stage. Plants were then grown under three temperature regimes: 25/15 °C, 32/22 °C, and 39/29 °C (day/night temperatures) for 51 days. Higher temperatures increased plant height, reproductive branches, fruit number, fruit abscission, and photosynthesis per unit area, but decreased leaf area and chlorophyll. The largest effect of MC on plant height was observed when the daily temperature was 32 °C, with nights of 22 °C, which was also best for plant growth. High temperatures not only decreased the effectiveness of MC on plant height control, but also caused lower dry matter and fruit number per plant. Low temperatures (25/15 ºC) decreased cotton growth and fruit retention, but a higher concentration of MC was required per unit of growth reduction as compared with 32/22 ºC. At high temperatures, the rate of MC to be applied must be disproportionately increased, because either plant growth is impaired by high temperature lessening the effect of MC, or degradation of MC within the plant is too rapid.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Higher temperature increased cotton plant height, reproductive branches, fruit number, fruit abscission, and photosynthesis per unit area.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- Higher temperaturese0
- Outcome
- plant height, reproductive branches, fruit number, fruit abscission, and photosynthesis per unit areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher temperatures increased plant height, reproductive branches, fruit number, fruit abscission, and photosynthesis per unit area”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher temperature decreased cotton leaf area and chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Higher temperaturese0
- Outcome
- leaf area and chlorophylle0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher temperatures increased plant height, reproductive branches, fruit number, fruit abscission, and photosynthesis per unit area, but decreased leaf area and chlorophyll”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Mepiquat chloride had its largest effect on plant height at 32/22 °C, the temperature best for cotton growth.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- MCe0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- largest effecte0
- Qualifier
- daily temperature was 32 °C, with nights of 22 °Ce0
Not reportedComparatorSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest effect of MC on plant height was observed when the daily temperature was 32 °C, with nights of 22 °C, which was also best for plant growth”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature decreased the effectiveness of mepiquat chloride in controlling cotton height.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- High temperaturese0
- Outcome
- effectiveness of MC on plant height controle0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperatures not only decreased the effectiveness of MC on plant height control”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature lowered cotton dry matter and fruit number per plant.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- High temperaturese0
- Outcome
- dry matter and fruit number per plante0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperatures not only decreased the effectiveness of MC on plant height control, but also caused lower dry matter and fruit number per plant”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature reduced cotton growth and fruit retention.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Low temperatures (25/15 ºC)e0
- Outcome
- cotton growth and fruit retentione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low temperatures (25/15 ºC) decreased cotton growth and fruit retention”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
At 25/15 ºC, more mepiquat chloride was required per unit of cotton growth reduction than at 32/22 ºC.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- concentration of MC was required per unit of growth reductione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 32/22 ºCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher concentration of MC was required per unit of growth reduction as compared with 32/22 ºC”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend disproportionately increasing the MC rate at high temperatures.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- rate of MC to be applied must be disproportionately increasede0
- Qualifier
- At high temperaturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At high temperatures, the rate of MC to be applied must be disproportionately increased”
t0“Cotton”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.