Abstract
Abstract Some commercial varieties of the flue‐cured class of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves which are typical of Ca deficiency. Utilizing varieties ‘Coker 254’ (susceptible) and ‘North Carolina 2326’ (slightly susceptible), a greenhouse experiment was conducted to study varietal differences in Ca accumulation and distribution, and six field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of source and level of soil Ca applications on degree of symptom development. In the greenhouse, seedlings were transplanted in sand and supplied for 31 days with solutions containing 1, 75, or 150 ppm Ca. In the field experiments, rates of 0, 28, 84, or 168 kg/ha Ca (as CaSO 4 ) were band‐applied at transplanting; at one location and for two successive years, the variety and CaSO 4 treatments were superimposed on rates of 0 and 1,121 kg/ha dolomitic limestone broadcast 2 months prior to transplanting. The soils used were classified as Typic and Aquic Paleudults and Typic Hapludults. In both the greenhouse and field, symptom expression of Ca deficiency was more pronounced on ‘C‐254’ than on ‘NC 2326’ plants, but reduction of symptom expression with increasing levels of Ca was obtained only in the greenhouse. Maximum dry weight for ‘C‐254’ was obtained with the 150 ppm Ca treatment, while the 75 ppm Ca treatment was sufficient for maximum growth of ‘NC 2326’. Conclusive evidence of varietal differences in Ca absorption was not obtained, but Ca concentrations in the apical tissues of ‘C‐254’ were substantially lower than those in apical tissues of ‘NC 2326’, indicating that absorbed Ca was distributed less effectively in ‘C‐254’ than that in ‘NC 2326’. Failure of ‘C‐254’ to maintain adequate Ca concentrations in apical tissues may be associated with its comparatively greater accumulation of dry weight and absorbed Ca in leaf than stalk tissue. In field experiments, Ca deficiency symptom development was not related to level of exchangeable soil Ca, and was not influenced by the rates of CaSO, and/or dolomitic limestone used. Rather, symptom development was less pronounced at locations where plants were subjected to prolonged periods of moisture stress during vegetative growth, indicating that Ca deficiency is more likely to develop on immature plants that undergo periods of rapid growth.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Ca deficiency symptoms were more pronounced on C-254 than on NC 2326 in both greenhouse and field.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Material
- C‐254e1
- Outcome
- symptom expression of Ca deficiencye1
- Direction
- more pronouncede1
- Comparator
- NC 2326e1
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e1“In both the greenhouse and field, symptom expression of Ca deficiency was more pronounced on ‘C‐254’ than on ‘NC 2326’ plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduction of Ca deficiency symptoms with increasing Ca levels was obtained only in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- increasing levels of Cae2
- Outcome
- symptom expressione2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Setting
- greenhousee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e2“reduction of symptom expression with increasing levels of Ca was obtained only in the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum dry weight of C-254 was obtained with 150 ppm Ca.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Material
- C‐254e3
- Treatment
- 150 ppm Cae3
- Outcome
- dry weighte3
- Direction
- Maximume3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e3“Maximum dry weight for ‘C‐254’ was obtained with the 150 ppm Ca treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75 ppm Ca treatment was sufficient for maximum growth of NC 2326.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Material
- NC 2326e4
- Treatment
- 75 ppm Cae4
- Outcome
- maximum growthe4
- Direction
- sufficiente4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e4“while the 75 ppm Ca treatment was sufficient for maximum growth of ‘NC 2326’”
Claim · model-written summary
Conclusive evidence of varietal differences in Ca absorption was not obtained.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- varietal differences in Ca absorptione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e5“Conclusive evidence of varietal differences in Ca absorption was not obtained”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca concentrations in apical tissues of C-254 were substantially lower than in NC 2326.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Material
- C‐254e6
- Organ / stage
- apical tissuese6
- Outcome
- Ca concentrationse6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Comparator
- NC 2326e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e6“Ca concentrations in the apical tissues of ‘C‐254’ were substantially lower than those in apical tissues of ‘NC 2326’”
Claim · model-written summary
Failure of C-254 to maintain adequate apical Ca may be associated with its greater accumulation of dry weight and absorbed Ca in leaf than in stalk.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Material
- C‐254e7
- Outcome
- accumulation of dry weight and absorbed Ca in leafe7
- Direction
- greatere7
- Comparator
- stalk tissuee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e7“Failure of ‘C‐254’ to maintain adequate Ca concentrations in apical tissues may be associated with its comparatively greater accumulation of dry weight and absorbed Ca in leaf than stalk tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
In field experiments, Ca deficiency symptom development was not related to exchangeable soil Ca level.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- level of exchangeable soil Cae1
- Outcome
- Ca deficiency symptom developmente1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Setting
- field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e1“In field experiments, Ca deficiency symptom development was not related to level of exchangeable soil Ca, and was not influenced by the rates of CaSO, and/or dolomitic limestone used”
Claim · model-written summary
In field experiments, Ca deficiency symptom development was not influenced by the rates of CaSO or dolomitic limestone.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- rates of CaSOe1
- Outcome
- symptom developmente1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Setting
- field experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e1“In field experiments, Ca deficiency symptom development was not related to level of exchangeable soil Ca, and was not influenced by the rates of CaSO, and/or dolomitic limestone used”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca deficiency symptom development was less pronounced where plants suffered prolonged moisture stress during vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- prolonged periods of moisture stress during vegetative growthe1
- Outcome
- symptom developmente1
- Direction
- less pronouncede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e1“symptom development was less pronounced at locations where plants were subjected to prolonged periods of moisture stress during vegetative growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca deficiency is more likely to develop on immature plants that undergo rapid growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Organ / stage
- immature plantse1
- Outcome
- Ca deficiencye1
- Direction
- more likely to develope1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) develop abnormalities of the buds and upper leaves”
e1“Ca deficiency is more likely to develop on immature plants that undergo periods of rapid growth”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · growth · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results differ
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →calcium atom · molecular: expression · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.