Abstract
Laboratory experiments were conducted in 2010, 2011, and 2012 in Stoneville, MS, utilizing urea fertilizer to quantify the nitrification potential of southern soils, and to evaluate a nitrification inhibitor aimed to reduce nitrification rates on clay soils. Field research was conducted from 2011 to 2013 evaluating the effectiveness of dicyandiamide (DCD) and sulfur‐polymer coated urea at reducing N loss compared to urea alone on clay soil. The number of days when half the total recovered inorganic N was in the NH 4 + –N form (half‐life for ammonium) for each soil and stabilizer for the nitrification potential and N stabilizer experiments was determined. Nitrogen was applied to the soil at 0.115 g kg −1 for both laboratory experiments while DCD was applied at three different rates for the N stabilizer experiment. These studies confirmed that the Sharkey clay soil (very‐fine, smectitic, thermic Chromic Epiaquerts) at Stoneville, MS, had significantly higher nitrification potential compared to three other soil types studied and DCD increased half‐life for ammonium by approximately threefold when compared to non‐amended urea. Field experiment data indicated that increasing DCD rate to 17 kg ha −1 increased rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yield response and resulted in yields comparable to the standard treatment, which was urea applied 1 day before flood establishment (dbf). The sulfur‐polymer coated urea applied 12 dbf reduced nitrification; however, it yielded less than the standard treatment. Products that limit nitrification and subsequent denitrification can optimize N efficiency, resulting in greater potential for increased yields and decreased production costs.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
DCD increased the half-life for ammonium approximately threefold compared with non-amended urea in rice soil.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae2 - Treatment
- DCDe1
- Outcome
- half‐life for ammoniume1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- approximately threefolde1
- Comparator
- non‐amended ureae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“DCD increased half‐life for ammonium by approximately threefold when compared to non‐amended urea”
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yield response”
Claim · model-written summary
DCD at 17 kg ha −1 increased rice grain yield response.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae3
- Treatment
- DCD rate to 17 kg ha −1e3
- Outcome
- grain yield responsee3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“increasing DCD rate to 17 kg ha −1 increased rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yield response and resulted in yields comparable to the standard treatment, which was urea applied 1 day before flood establishment (dbf)”
Claim · model-written summary
DCD at 17 kg ha −1 gave rice yields comparable to the standard treatment, urea applied 1 day before flood establishment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae3
- Treatment
- DCD rate to 17 kg ha −1e3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
- Comparator
- standard treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“increasing DCD rate to 17 kg ha −1 increased rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yield response and resulted in yields comparable to the standard treatment, which was urea applied 1 day before flood establishment (dbf)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur-polymer coated urea applied 12 days before flood reduced nitrification in rice soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- sulfur‐polymer coated urea applied 12 dbfe4
- Outcome
- nitrificatione4
- Direction
- reducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yield response”
e4“The sulfur‐polymer coated urea applied 12 dbf reduced nitrification; however, it yielded less than the standard treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur-polymer coated urea applied 12 days before flood yielded less rice than the standard treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- sulfur‐polymer coated urea applied 12 dbfe4
- Outcome
- yieldede4
- Direction
- lesse4
- Comparator
- standard treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yield response”
e4“The sulfur‐polymer coated urea applied 12 dbf reduced nitrification; however, it yielded less than the standard treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The Sharkey clay soil had significantly higher nitrification potential than three other soil types studied.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Outcome
- nitrification potentiale5
- Direction
- highere5
- Comparator
- three other soil types studiede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yield response”
e5“had significantly higher nitrification potential compared to three other soil types studied”
Claim · model-written summary
Products that limit nitrification and subsequent denitrification can optimize N efficiency in rice, with greater potential for increased yields and decreased production costs.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- Products that limit nitrification and subsequent denitrificatione6
- Outcome
- N efficiencye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yield response”
e6“Products that limit nitrification and subsequent denitrification can optimize N efficiency, resulting in greater potential for increased yields and decreased production costs”
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