Abstract
Legumes form a symbiotic interaction with bacteria of the Rhizobiaceae family to produce nitrogen-fixing root nodules under nitrogen-limiting conditions. We examined the importance of glutathione (GSH) and homoglutathione (hGSH) during the nitrogen fixation process. Spatial patterns of the expression of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of both thiols were studied using promoter-GUS fusion analysis. Genetic approaches using the nodule nitrogen-fixing zone-specific nodule cysteine rich (NCR001) promoter were employed to determine the importance of (h)GSH in biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The (h)GSH synthesis genes showed a tissue-specific expression pattern in the nodule. Down-regulation of the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γECS) gene by RNA interference resulted in significantly lower BNF associated with a significant reduction in the expression of the leghemoglobin and thioredoxin S1 genes. Moreover, this lower (h)GSH content was correlated with a reduction in the nodule size. Conversely, γECS overexpression resulted in an elevated GSH content which was correlated with increased BNF and significantly higher expression of the sucrose synthase-1 and leghemoglobin genes. Taken together, these data show that the plant (h)GSH content of the nodule nitrogen-fixing zone modulates the efficiency of the BNF process, demonstrating their important role in the regulation of this process.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
(h)GSH synthesis genes showed tissue-specific nodule expression.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatulat0 - Organ / stage
- nodulee0
- Gene
- (h)GSH synthesis genese0
- Outcome
- tissue-specific expression patterne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Medicago truncatula”
e0“The (h)GSH synthesis genes showed a tissue-specific expression pattern in the nodule.”
Claim · model-written summary
γECS down-regulation significantly lowered biological nitrogen fixation.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Treatment
- Down-regulation of the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γECS) gene by RNA interferencee0
- Gene
- γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γECS)e0
- Outcome
- BNFe0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Medicago truncatula”
e0“Down-regulation of the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γECS) gene by RNA interference resulted in significantly lower BNF”
Claim · model-written summary
γECS down-regulation significantly reduced leghemoglobin and thioredoxin S1 gene expression.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Treatment
- Down-regulation of the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γECS) gene by RNA interferencee0
- Gene
- leghemoglobin and thioredoxin S1 genese0
- Outcome
- expression of the leghemoglobin and thioredoxin S1 genese0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Medicago truncatula”
e0“Down-regulation of the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γECS) gene by RNA interference resulted in significantly lower BNF associated with a significant reduction in the expression of the leghemoglobin and thioredoxin S1 genes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower (h)GSH content correlated with smaller nodules.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Organ / stage
- nodulee0
- Compound
- (h)GSHe0
- Outcome
- nodule sizee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Medicago truncatula”
e0“this lower (h)GSH content was correlated with a reduction in the nodule size”
Claim · model-written summary
γECS overexpression elevated GSH content.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Treatment
- γECS overexpressione0
- Gene
- γECSe0
- Outcome
- GSH contente0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Medicago truncatula”
e0“γECS overexpression resulted in an elevated GSH content”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated GSH content correlated with increased BNF.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Compound
- GSHe0
- Outcome
- BNFe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Medicago truncatula”
e0“an elevated GSH content which was correlated with increased BNF”
Claim · model-written summary
γECS overexpression was associated with significantly higher sucrose synthase-1 and leghemoglobin gene expression.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Treatment
- γECS overexpressione0
- Gene
- sucrose synthase-1 and leghemoglobin genese0
- Outcome
- expression of the sucrose synthase-1 and leghemoglobin genese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Medicago truncatula”
e0“γECS overexpression resulted in an elevated GSH content which was correlated with increased BNF and significantly higher expression of the sucrose synthase-1 and leghemoglobin genes.”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.