Abstract
Abstract. Avalon winter wheat was grown on deep silty clay loam soil (Hook series) under a fixed shelter at Rothamsted with either full drought or irrigation from the end of March to July, 1982. During this time the irrigated crop used 295 mm of irrigation water plus 45 mm of stored soil water, while the droughted crop extracted 223 mm of water from the soil. The roots penetrated to at least 1.8m and water was extracted from 2 m depth. Even with a fully developed root system the crops could transpire at the full rate of atmospheric demand only when the near‐surface soil was well supplied with water. However, the draughted crop extracted enough water from the loamy sub‐soil to maintain a reduced transpiration flow for a further nine weeks after the near‐surface water was depleted. Thus crop growth was maintained with a loss at final harvest of only 10% in total dry weight and even less in grain yield. A summary of other results confirm that yield losses due to drought have been reported only for light soils, except in the exceptional year of 1976, and that drought is not normally an important factor affecting yields of winter wheat in the UK.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigated wheat used 295 mm irrigation water and 45 mm stored soil water.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- irrigatede0
- Outcome
- irrigation watere0
- Value
- 295 mme0
- Qualifier
- 45 mm of stored soil watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the irrigated crop used 295 mm of irrigation water plus 45 mm of stored soil water”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Droughted wheat extracted 223 mm of soil water.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- droughtede0
- Outcome
- water from the soile0
- Value
- 223 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the droughted crop extracted 223 mm of water from the soil.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat roots penetrated at least 1.8 m.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- penetratede0
- Value
- at least 1.8me0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The roots penetrated to at least 1.8m and water was extracted from 2 m depth.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat extracted water from 2 m depth.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- water was extractede0
- Value
- 2 m depthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The roots penetrated to at least 1.8m and water was extracted from 2 m depth.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Even with developed roots, full atmospheric-demand transpiration required wet near-surface soil.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- transpire at the full rate of atmospheric demande0
- Qualifier
- well supplied with watere0
- Setting
- near‐surface soile0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Even with a fully developed root system the crops could transpire at the full rate of atmospheric demand only when the near‐surface soil was well supplied with water.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Droughted wheat sustained reduced transpiration for nine weeks after surface water depletion using subsoil water.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- transpiration flowe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- nine weekse0
- Setting
- loamy sub‐soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the draughted crop extracted enough water from the loamy sub‐soil to maintain a reduced transpiration flow for a further nine weeks after the near‐surface water was depleted.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced final total dry weight by only 10%.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- droughte1
- Outcome
- total dry weighte0
- Direction
- losse0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Qualifier
- at final harveste0
- Comparator
- irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop growth was maintained with a loss at final harvest of only 10% in total dry weight and even less in grain yield.”
t0“winter wheat”
e1“either full drought or irrigation”
e2“irrigation from the end of March to July, 1982”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield loss under drought was less than the 10% dry-weight loss.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- droughte1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- losse0
- Qualifier
- even lesse0
- Comparator
- irrigatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop growth was maintained with a loss at final harvest of only 10% in total dry weight and even less in grain yield.”
t0“winter wheat”
e1“either full drought or irrigation”
e2“irrigation from the end of March to July, 1982”
Claim · model-written summary
Other results suggested drought yield losses generally occurred only on light soils except in 1976.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yield losses due to droughte0
- Qualifier
- except in the exceptional year of 1976e0
- Setting
- light soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield losses due to drought have been reported only for light soils, except in the exceptional year of 1976”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded drought normally does not importantly affect winter wheat yields in the UK.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- not normally an important factor affecting yieldse0
- Setting
- UKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought is not normally an important factor affecting yields of winter wheat in the UK.”
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See all 632 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.