Abstract
During the 1981 and 1982 growing seasons, Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arnaud and Chaetomium globosum Kunze: Fr. spore suspensions were applied to apple saplings in an orchard at 1- to 2-week intervals to control the apple scab pathogen, Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint. (anamorph, Spilocaea pomi Fr.). Population densities of applied antagonists were monitored during 1982 trials by dilution plating of leaf washings onto selective media. Aureobasidium pullulans and C. globosum populations averaged 54 and 314 colony-forming units (CFU) per milligram of leaf tissue 3 h after application and declined to means of 15.9 and 35.7 CFU mg −1 , respectively, before the next application. Relative to buffer controls, spore suspensions of A. pullulans were only slightly antagonistic to V. inaequalis infection, but C. globosum ascospore suspensions reduced scab more than 20% in both years. Light and scanning electron microscope examination of leaf surfaces following inoculation of seedlings in growth chambers showed a 25% increase in C. globosum ascospore germination on scab-infected tissue relative to healthy tissue. The minimum concentration of C. globosum inocula effectively reducing apple scab in growth chamber experiments was approximately 1 × 10 6 ascospores mL −1 .
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
C. globosum ascospore suspensions reduced apple scab (V. inaequalis) by more than 20% relative to buffer controls in both years in an orchard.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- C. globosum ascospore suspensionse1
- Interactor
- V. inaequalis
Venturia inaequalise1pathogen - Second interactor
- C. globosum
Chaetomium globosume1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- scabe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- more than 20%e1
- Comparator
- buffer controlse1
- Setting
- orcharde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apple saplings in an orchard”
e1“Relative to buffer controls, spore suspensions of A. pullulans were only slightly antagonistic to V. inaequalis infection, but C. globosum ascospore suspensions reduced scab more than 20% in both years”
Claim · model-written summary
A. pullulans spore suspensions were only slightly antagonistic to V. inaequalis infection relative to buffer controls.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- spore suspensions of A. pullulanse1
- Interactor
- V. inaequalisVenturia inaequalise1pathogen
- Second interactor
- A. pullulans
Aureobasidium pullulanse1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- V. inaequalis infectione1
- Direction
- slightly antagonistice1
- Comparator
- buffer controlse1
- Setting
- orcharde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apple saplings in an orchard”
e1“Relative to buffer controls, spore suspensions of A. pullulans were only slightly antagonistic to V. inaequalis infection, but C. globosum ascospore suspensions reduced scab more than 20% in both years”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied Aureobasidium pullulans populations on apple leaves averaged 54 CFU per mg leaf tissue 3 h after application and declined to a mean of 15.9 before the next application.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Interactor
- Aureobasidium pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- populationse1
- Value
- 54e1
- Qualifier
- declined to means of 15.9e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apple saplings in an orchard”
e1“Aureobasidium pullulans and C. globosum populations averaged 54 and 314 colony-forming units (CFU) per milligram of leaf tissue 3 h after application and declined to means of 15.9 and 35.7 CFU mg −1 , respectively, before the next application”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied C. globosum populations on apple leaves averaged 314 CFU per mg leaf tissue 3 h after application and declined to a mean of 35.7 before the next application.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Interactor
- C. globosumChaetomium globosume1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- populationse1
- Value
- 314e1
- Qualifier
- 35.7 CFUe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apple saplings in an orchard”
e1“Aureobasidium pullulans and C. globosum populations averaged 54 and 314 colony-forming units (CFU) per milligram of leaf tissue 3 h after application and declined to means of 15.9 and 35.7 CFU mg −1 , respectively, before the next application”
Claim · model-written summary
In growth chambers, C. globosum ascospore germination was 25% higher on scab-infected tissue than on healthy tissue.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- C. globosumChaetomium globosume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- ascospore germinatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 25%e0
- Comparator
- healthy tissuee0
- Setting
- growth chamberse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple”
e0“Light and scanning electron microscope examination of leaf surfaces following inoculation of seedlings in growth chambers showed a 25% increase in C. globosum ascospore germination on scab-infected tissue relative to healthy tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
In growth chamber experiments the minimum C. globosum inoculum concentration that effectively reduced apple scab was approximately 1 x 10^6 ascospores per mL.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- C. globosum inoculae0
- Interactor
- C. globosumChaetomium globosume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- effectively reducing apple scabe0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- approximately 1 × 10 6 ascospores mL −1e0
- Setting
- growth chambere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum concentration of C. globosum inocula effectively reducing apple scab in growth chamber experiments was approximately 1 × 10 6 ascospores mL −1”
The same questions in other papers
Chaetomium globosum · Venturia inaequalis · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
inoculation · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 40 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
59 papers more in this group
See all 63 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.