Abstract
The objective of this was to evaluate the effect of chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu that contained different moisture contents (15, 25 or 30%). A randomized block design was used with eight treatments and four replications (defined as the bale layers within the hay stacks). The hay treated with 3% anhydrous ammonia and 15% moisture content reduced the levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 84.3 to 79.1% and increased the in vitro digestibility of the dry matter (DM) from 37.3 to 55.5% compared to the control group. The variation in the moisture content did not significantly alter the action of ammonia, with mean values of 77.6% NDF and 57.3% in vitro digestibility of DM. The hay with 5% urea reduces the NDF content from 84.3 to 79.6% compared to the untreated hay, so the hay moisture content has to be increased to 30% to achieve a greater effect on the DM digestibility, which subsequently increases by 12 percentage units.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonia treatment of Marandu hay at 15% moisture reduced NDF compared with the control
- Taxon
- Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu
Urochloa brizanthae1 - Treatment
- 3% anhydrous ammoniae2
- Outcome
- neutral detergent fiber (NDF)e2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- from 84.3 to 79.1%e2
- Qualifier
- 15% moisture contente2
- Comparator
- control groupe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu”
e2“The hay treated with 3% anhydrous ammonia and 15% moisture content reduced the levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 84.3 to 79.1% and increased the in vitro digestibility of the dry matter (DM) from 37.3 to 55.5% compared to the control group”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonia treatment of Marandu hay at 15% moisture increased in vitro digestibility of dry matter compared with the control
- Taxon
- Brachiaria brizantha cv. MaranduUrochloa brizanthae1
- Treatment
- 3% anhydrous ammoniae2
- Outcome
- in vitro digestibility of the dry matter (DM)e2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- from 37.3 to 55.5%e2
- Qualifier
- 15% moisture contente2
- Comparator
- control groupe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu”
e2“The hay treated with 3% anhydrous ammonia and 15% moisture content reduced the levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 84.3 to 79.1% and increased the in vitro digestibility of the dry matter (DM) from 37.3 to 55.5% compared to the control group”
Claim · model-written summary
Variation in moisture content did not significantly alter the action of ammonia on Marandu hay
- Taxon
- Brachiaria brizantha cv. MaranduUrochloa brizanthae1
- Treatment
- variation in the moisture contente3
- Outcome
- action of ammoniae3
- Direction
- did not significantly altere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu”
e3“The variation in the moisture content did not significantly alter the action of ammonia, with mean values of 77.6% NDF and 57.3% in vitro digestibility of DM”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean NDF of ammonia-treated Marandu hay across moisture contents was 77.6%
- Taxon
- Brachiaria brizantha cv. MaranduUrochloa brizanthae1
- Outcome
- NDFe3
- Value
- 77.6%e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu”
e3“The variation in the moisture content did not significantly alter the action of ammonia, with mean values of 77.6% NDF and 57.3% in vitro digestibility of DM”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean in vitro digestibility of dry matter of ammonia-treated Marandu hay across moisture contents was 57.3%
- Taxon
- Brachiaria brizantha cv. MaranduUrochloa brizanthae1
- Outcome
- in vitro digestibility of DMe3
- Value
- 57.3%e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu”
e3“The variation in the moisture content did not significantly alter the action of ammonia, with mean values of 77.6% NDF and 57.3% in vitro digestibility of DM”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at 5% reduced NDF content of Marandu hay compared with untreated hay
- Taxon
- Brachiaria brizantha cv. MaranduUrochloa brizanthae1
- Treatment
- 5% ureae4
- Outcome
- NDF contente4
- Direction
- reducese4
- Value
- from 84.3 to 79.6%e4
- Comparator
- untreated haye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu”
e4“The hay with 5% urea reduces the NDF content from 84.3 to 79.6% compared to the untreated hay”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising hay moisture to 30% increased DM digestibility by 12 percentage units
- Taxon
- Brachiaria brizantha cv. MaranduUrochloa brizanthae1
- Treatment
- hay moisture content has to be increased to 30%e5
- Outcome
- DM digestibilitye5
- Direction
- increasese5
- Value
- 12 percentage unitse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu”
e5“so the hay moisture content has to be increased to 30% to achieve a greater effect on the DM digestibility, which subsequently increases by 12 percentage units”
Claim · model-written summary
Hay moisture content should be increased to 30% to obtain a greater effect on DM digestibility
- Taxon
- Brachiaria brizantha cv. MaranduUrochloa brizanthae1
- Outcome
- hay moisture content has to be increased to 30%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“chemical treatments with urea (3 or 5% DM) and anhydrous ammonia (3% DM) applied to the post-harvest hay residues of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu”
e5“so the hay moisture content has to be increased to 30% to achieve a greater effect on the DM digestibility, which subsequently increases by 12 percentage units”
The same questions in other papers
soil water · growth · Urochloa brizantha (palisade grass)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
nitrogen · quality: grain · Urochloa brizantha (palisade grass)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.