Abstract
We assessed the effects of light intensity (photosynthetic photon flux [PPF in μmol·m-2·s-1]) and number of irradiated leaves on photosynthesis and the fruit growth of individual tomato plants to develop supplemental LED lighting techniques for greenhouse tomato production. In Experiment (Exp.) 1, three PPF levels (P200, P500, and P1000) were applied to a post-anthesis tomato plant for three weeks, each plant pruned to have one leaf and one truss with three flowers. The fruit set and leaf and fruit dry-weight increased with increasing PPF; however, after P500 and P1000 treatments, the leaves showed signs of stress and accompanying disorders. Thus, to increase the fruit set ratio and growth rate of tomato fruits and plants, the total amount of irradiation received by each plant should be increased by increasing the number of irradiated leaves, rather than raising the PPF per leaf. For prolonged cultivation, P200 was the optimal PPF per leaf under the tested treatments. Exp. 2 used standard tomato plants with no leaves or trusses removed. We used an assimilation chamber to examine the effect of the number of leaves receiving P200 irradiation on the photosynthetic rate (Pn) per plant (above ground part). The Pn per plant in treatments where one and two leaves were irradiated by supplemental LED lighting were, respectively, 12 and 28% higher than that in the control (only top lighting). Therefore, fruit growth and yields in tomato cultivation may be raised via acceleration of photosynthesis by increasing the number of leaves that receive P200 irradiation rather than by increasing PPF.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing photosynthetic photon flux increased fruit set and leaf and fruit dry weight of tomato plants.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume2 - Treatment
- increasing PPFe1
- Outcome
- fruit set and leaf and fruit dry-weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The fruit set and leaf and fruit dry-weight increased with increasing PPF”
e2“individual tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At P500 and P1000 treatments the leaves of tomato plants showed signs of stress and accompanying disorders.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- P500 and P1000 treatmentse3
- Outcome
- signs of stress and accompanying disorderse3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“after P500 and P1000 treatments, the leaves showed signs of stress and accompanying disorders”
e2“individual tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing the number of irradiated leaves, rather than the PPF per leaf, is recommended to raise the total irradiation of tomato plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- increasing the number of irradiated leavese4
- Outcome
- total amount of irradiatione4
- Comparator
- raising the PPF per leafe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“individual tomato plants”
e4“the total amount of irradiation received by each plant should be increased by increasing the number of irradiated leaves, rather than raising the PPF per leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
For prolonged cultivation, P200 per leaf was the optimal PPF under the tested treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- P200e5
- Outcome
- optimal PPF per leafe5
- Qualifier
- under the tested treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“individual tomato plants”
e5“For prolonged cultivation, P200 was the optimal PPF per leaf under the tested treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental LED lighting of one irradiated leaf raised Pn per plant 12% above the top-lighting control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- one and two leaves were irradiated by supplemental LED lightinge6
- Outcome
- Pn per plante6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 12 and 28%e6
- Comparator
- control (only top lighting)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“individual tomato plants”
e6“The Pn per plant in treatments where one and two leaves were irradiated by supplemental LED lighting were, respectively, 12 and 28% higher than that in the control (only top lighting)”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental LED lighting of two irradiated leaves raised Pn per plant 28% above the top-lighting control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- one and two leaves were irradiated by supplemental LED lightinge6
- Outcome
- Pn per plante6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 12 and 28%e6
- Comparator
- control (only top lighting)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“individual tomato plants”
e6“The Pn per plant in treatments where one and two leaves were irradiated by supplemental LED lighting were, respectively, 12 and 28% higher than that in the control (only top lighting)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit growth and yields in tomato may be raised through acceleration of photosynthesis by irradiating more leaves at P200.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Outcome
- fruit growth and yieldse7
- Qualifier
- acceleration of photosynthesise7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“fruit growth and yields in tomato cultivation may be raised via acceleration of photosynthesis by increasing the number of leaves that receive P200 irradiation”
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See all 113 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.