Abstract
Abstract Sulfur, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, and boron application did not affect the seed yield or oil percentage of sunflower (Hilianthus annuus L.) on both dryland and irrigated soils in North Dakota in 1981. Field averages indicated significant Zn, Mn, and B uptake by sunflower at the 12‐leaf stage as a result of fertilization with these elements. Increased Zn uptake was also observed in the uppermost mature leaf at anthesis from zinc fertilization. Although sunflower yield from boron fertilization was not significantly different from the check, a trend was observed in which boron fertilization seemed to decrease sunflower yield. Sunflower yields from the boron treatment were the lowest out of seven treatments in three out of four fields. Also, sunflower yield from the boron treatment was significantly lower than both iron and sulfur treatments when all fields were combined.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The six nutrient applications did not affect sunflower seed yield.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- Sulfur, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, and boron applicatione0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Setting
- North Dakotae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfur, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, and boron application did not affect the seed yield or oil percentage of sunflower (Hilianthus annuus L.) on both dryland and irrigated soils in North Dakota in 1981.”
Claim · model-written summary
The six nutrient applications did not affect sunflower oil percentage.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Sulfur, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, and boron applicatione0
- Outcome
- oil percentagee0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Setting
- North Dakotae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfur, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, and boron application did not affect the seed yield or oil percentage of sunflower (Hilianthus annuus L.) on both dryland and irrigated soils in North Dakota in 1981.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn uptake at the 12-leaf stage responded significantly to fertilization.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- 12‐leaf stagee0
- Treatment
- fertilization with these elementse0
- Outcome
- Zne0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field averages indicated significant Zn, Mn, and B uptake by sunflower at the 12‐leaf stage as a result of fertilization with these elements.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mn uptake at the 12-leaf stage responded significantly to fertilization.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- 12‐leaf stagee0
- Treatment
- fertilization with these elementse0
- Outcome
- Mne0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field averages indicated significant Zn, Mn, and B uptake by sunflower at the 12‐leaf stage as a result of fertilization with these elements.”
Claim · model-written summary
B uptake at the 12-leaf stage responded significantly to fertilization.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- 12‐leaf stagee0
- Treatment
- fertilization with these elementse0
- Outcome
- Be0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field averages indicated significant Zn, Mn, and B uptake by sunflower at the 12‐leaf stage as a result of fertilization with these elements.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc fertilization increased Zn uptake in the uppermost mature leaf at anthesis.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- uppermost mature leaf at anthesise0
- Treatment
- zinc fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Zn uptakee0
- Direction
- Increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased Zn uptake was also observed in the uppermost mature leaf at anthesis from zinc fertilization.”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron fertilization showed a nonsignificant trend toward lower sunflower yield than the check.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- boron fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- sunflower yielde0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although sunflower yield from boron fertilization was not significantly different from the check, a trend was observed in which boron fertilization seemed to decrease sunflower yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron-treated plots had the lowest sunflower yields among seven treatments in three of four fields.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- boron treatmente0
- Outcome
- Sunflower yieldse0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- three out of four fieldse0
- Comparator
- seven treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower yields from the boron treatment were the lowest out of seven treatments in three out of four fields.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined across fields, boron reduced sunflower yield relative to iron and sulfur treatments.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- boron treatmente0
- Outcome
- sunflower yielde0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- iron and sulfur treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower yield from the boron treatment was significantly lower than both iron and sulfur treatments when all fields were combined.”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · nutrient: content · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →iron atom · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →zinc atom · quality: oil · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →boron atom · quality: oil · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →sulfur atom · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
41 papers more in this group
See all 45 papers →zinc atom · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
42 papers more in this group
See all 46 papers →boron atom · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 58 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
60 papers more in this group
See all 64 papers →copper atom · quality: oil · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
8 of 15 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.