Abstract
Wilt incited by Verticillium dahliae has recently become an important disease on cauliflower in the Salinas Valley. Although broccoli is closely related to cauliflower, wilt has not occurred on this host and V. dahliae isolates from cauliflower were weakly pathogenic on broccoli in greenhouse inoculations. In this study, the effectiveness of broccoli residues on propagule attrition in soil and wilt incidence on cauliflower was determined in a commercial field infested with V. dahliae microsclerotia. The treatments were broccoli residue with tarp, broccoli residue without tarp, chloropicrin, metham sodium, control with tarp, control without tarp, cauliflower followed by cauliflower, and cauliflower followed by fallow. Approximately 200 kg of chopped broccoli was uniformly disk incorporated into the corresponding plots (36 m 2 ). Densities of V. dahliae microsclerotia were determined at 0, 30, 90, and 145 days after treatment in 1993 and 0, 30, 74, 109, and 140 days after treatment in 1994 using the modified Anderson sampler technique. Cauliflower cultivar White Rock was planted in all plots. Plant height, number of marketable heads, head weight, and wilt severity were determined at maturity. Even though the pre-treatment number of V. dahliae propagules in broccoli-treated and control plots were similar, by the end of the cauliflower cropping season numbers either were the same or increased in control plots compared with a reduction in numbers in broccoli residue-treated plots during both seasons. There were no differences between tarped and non-tarped plots either in broccoli residue-treated or control plots. In fumigated plots, propagules declined initially but later returned to pre-treatment levels by the end of the cropping season. Continuous cauliflower or fallowing after one cauliflower crop resulted in stable or increased levels of microsclerotia. Verticillium wilt severity was lowest in metham sodium-treated plots, followed by broccoli residue-treated plots and chloropicrin in both years. Plant height, marketable heads, and head weight were higher in broccoli-treated than in control plots. These results suggest that broccoli residues reduce V. dahliae microsclerotia in soil and wilt of cauliflower as much as or more than chloropicrin and metham sodium, and that rotation with broccoli may be a feasible approach to manage Verticillium wilt in cauliflower and other susceptible crops.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Broccoli residue-treated plots had a reduction in V. dahliae propagule numbers during both seasons, whereas control plot numbers were the same or increased.
- Taxon
- Cauliflower
Brassica oleracea var. botrytist0 - Treatment
- broccoli residuee1
- Interactor
- V. dahliae
Verticillium dahliaee0pathogen - Outcome
- numberse1
- Direction
- a reductione1
- Comparator
- control plotse1
- Setting
- commercial fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e0“in a commercial field infested with V. dahliae microsclerotia”
e1“numbers either were the same or increased in control plots compared with a reduction in numbers in broccoli residue-treated plots during both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height, marketable heads and head weight of cauliflower were higher in broccoli-treated than in control plots.
- Taxon
- CauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- broccoli-treatede2
- Outcome
- Plant height, marketable heads, and head weighte2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- control plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e2“Plant height, marketable heads, and head weight were higher in broccoli-treated than in control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Verticillium wilt severity was lowest in metham sodium-treated plots, followed by broccoli residue-treated plots and chloropicrin.
- Taxon
- CauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- metham sodiume3
- Outcome
- Verticillium wilt severitye3
- Direction
- loweste3
- Comparator
- broccoli residue-treated plots and chloropicrine3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e3“Verticillium wilt severity was lowest in metham sodium-treated plots, followed by broccoli residue-treated plots and chloropicrin in both years”
Claim · model-written summary
In fumigated plots, propagules declined initially.
- Taxon
- CauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- fumigatede4
- Outcome
- propagulese4
- Direction
- declinede4
- Qualifier
- initiallye4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e4“In fumigated plots, propagules declined initially but later returned to pre-treatment levels by the end of the cropping season”
Claim · model-written summary
In fumigated plots, propagules later returned to pre-treatment levels by the end of the cropping season.
- Taxon
- CauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- fumigatede4
- Outcome
- propagulese4
- Direction
- returned to pre-treatment levelse4
- Comparator
- pre-treatment levelse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e4“In fumigated plots, propagules declined initially but later returned to pre-treatment levels by the end of the cropping season”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous cauliflower or fallowing resulted in stable or increased microsclerotia levels.
- Taxon
- CauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- Continuous cauliflower or fallowinge5
- Outcome
- levels of microsclerotiae5
- Direction
- stable or increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e5“Continuous cauliflower or fallowing after one cauliflower crop resulted in stable or increased levels of microsclerotia”
Claim · model-written summary
Tarping made no difference between tarped and non-tarped plots.
- Taxon
- CauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- tarpede6
- Outcome
- differencese6
- Direction
- no differencese6
- Comparator
- non-tarped plotse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e6“There were no differences between tarped and non-tarped plots either in broccoli residue-treated or control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Broccoli residues reduced V. dahliae microsclerotia in soil and cauliflower wilt as much as or more than chloropicrin and metham sodium.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytise7
- Treatment
- broccoli residuese7
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee7pathogen
- Outcome
- V. dahliae microsclerotia in soil and wilt of cauliflowere7
- Direction
- reducee7
- Comparator
- chloropicrin and metham sodiume7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e7“broccoli residues reduce V. dahliae microsclerotia in soil and wilt of cauliflower as much as or more than chloropicrin and metham sodium”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation with broccoli may be a feasible approach to manage Verticillium wilt in cauliflower and other susceptible crops.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytise1
- Treatment
- rotation with broccolie1
- Outcome
- manage Verticillium wilt in cauliflowere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Verticillium Wilt Control in Cauliflower”
e1“rotation with broccoli may be a feasible approach to manage Verticillium wilt in cauliflower and other susceptible crops”
The same questions in other papers
sodium atom · disease · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Brassica oleracea var. italica · Verticillium dahliae · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.