Paper · 2005 · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Content of Chalconaringenin and Chlorogenic Acid in Cherry Tomatoes Is Strongly Reduced during Postharvest Ripening

Rune Slimestad; Michèl J. Verheul

11
claims
26
verbatim quotes
73
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The contents of chalconaringenin, chlorogenic acid, rutin, ascorbic acid, lycopene, and beta-carotene were analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentumMill.) (cv. Jennita) produced in a greenhouse. A remarkable decrease in the content of chalconaringenin took place during postharvest ripening. The tomatoes were found to contain 15.26 mg 100 g(-1) fresh weight (FW) at harvest but held only 0.41 mg after 3 weeks at 20 degrees C in darkness. Chalconaringenin did not convert into naringenin. The content of chlorogenic acid fell from 0.51 to 0.06 mg 100 g(-1) FW at the same conditions. The content of rutin and that of total phenolics remained stable during postharvest ripening. The amounts of lycopene as well as beta-carotene and ascorbic acid increased during postharvest ripening. No significant change in the amount of methanol soluble antioxidants or total soluble solids was found during postharvest ripening of the tomato fruits. During vine ripening, the total amount of phenolics and that of soluble solids (% Brix) increased. The content of phenolics correlated well with the content of methanol soluble antioxidants (p < 0.001). The amount of ascorbic acid increased from 9.7 mg in green-yellow tomatoes to 17.1 mg 100 g(-1) FW in red tomatoes. The amount of chalconaringenin decreased to 8.16 mg 100 g(-1) FW, whereas no significant change was observed for chlorogenic acid or rutin. Possible causes for the decrease in chalconaringenin are discussed.

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Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chalconaringenin content of cherry tomatoes decreased strongly during postharvest ripening, from 15.26 mg at harvest to 0.41 mg after 3 weeks at 20 degrees C in darkness.

Treatment
postharvest ripeninge1
Outcome
content of chalconaringenine1
Direction
decreasee1
Value
0.41 mge2
Qualifier
3 weeks at 20 degrees C in darknesse2
Comparator
at harveste2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“A remarkable decrease in the content of chalconaringenin took place during postharvest ripening”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 243–338 · show in text ↑
e2

“The tomatoes were found to contain 15.26 mg 100 g(-1) fresh weight (FW) at harvest but held only 0.41 mg after 3 weeks at 20 degrees C in darkness”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 340–486 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorogenic acid content of cherry tomatoes fell from 0.51 to 0.06 mg 100 g(-1) FW under 3 weeks at 20 degrees C in darkness.

Treatment
3 weeks at 20 degrees C in darknesse2
Outcome
content of chlorogenic acide3
Direction
felle3
Value
0.51 to 0.06 mg 100 g(-1) FWe3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e2

“The tomatoes were found to contain 15.26 mg 100 g(-1) fresh weight (FW) at harvest but held only 0.41 mg after 3 weeks at 20 degrees C in darkness”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 340–486 · show in text ↑
e3

“The content of chlorogenic acid fell from 0.51 to 0.06 mg 100 g(-1) FW at the same conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 538–631 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lycopene, beta-carotene and ascorbic acid increased during postharvest ripening of cherry tomatoes.

Treatment
postharvest ripeninge4
Outcome
amounts of lycopene as well as beta-carotene and ascorbic acide4
Direction
increasede4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e4

“The amounts of lycopene as well as beta-carotene and ascorbic acid increased during postharvest ripening”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 727–831 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rutin and total phenolics content of cherry tomatoes remained stable during postharvest ripening.

Treatment
postharvest ripeninge5
Outcome
content of rutin and that of total phenolicse5
Direction
remained stablee5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e5

“The content of rutin and that of total phenolics remained stable during postharvest ripening”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 633–725 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Methanol soluble antioxidants and total soluble solids of cherry tomatoes showed no significant change during postharvest ripening.

Treatment
postharvest ripeninge6
Outcome
methanol soluble antioxidants or total soluble solidse6
Direction
No significant changee6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e6

“No significant change in the amount of methanol soluble antioxidants or total soluble solids was found during postharvest ripening of the tomato fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 833–984 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total phenolics and soluble solids of cherry tomatoes increased during vine ripening.

Treatment
vine ripeninge7
Outcome
total amount of phenolics and that of soluble solidse7
Direction
increasede7

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e7

“During vine ripening, the total amount of phenolics and that of soluble solids (% Brix) increased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 986–1083 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Phenolics content of cherry tomatoes correlated well with methanol soluble antioxidants content (p < 0.001).

Compound
phenolicse1
Outcome
content of methanol soluble antioxidantse1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“The content of phenolics correlated well with the content of methanol soluble antioxidants (p < 0.001)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1085–1187 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ascorbic acid of tomatoes increased from green-yellow to red ripening stage (9.7 mg to 17.1 mg 100 g(-1) FW).

Outcome
amount of ascorbic acide1
Direction
increasede1
Value
17.1 mg 100 g(-1) FWe1
Comparator
green-yellow tomatoese1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“The amount of ascorbic acid increased from 9.7 mg in green-yellow tomatoes to 17.1 mg 100 g(-1) FW in red tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1189–1303 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chalconaringenin content of cherry tomatoes decreased to 8.16 mg 100 g(-1) FW during vine ripening.

Treatment
vine ripeninge7
Outcome
amount of chalconaringenine2
Direction
decreasede2
Value
8.16 mg 100 g(-1) FWe2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e7

“During vine ripening, the total amount of phenolics and that of soluble solids (% Brix) increased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 986–1083 · show in text ↑
e2

“The amount of chalconaringenin decreased to 8.16 mg 100 g(-1) FW”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1305–1369 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorogenic acid and rutin of cherry tomatoes showed no significant change during vine ripening.

Treatment
vine ripeninge7
Outcome
chlorogenic acid or rutine3
Direction
no significant changee3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e7

“During vine ripening, the total amount of phenolics and that of soluble solids (% Brix) increased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 986–1083 · show in text ↑
e3

“no significant change was observed for chlorogenic acid or rutin”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1379–1443 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chalconaringenin did not convert into naringenin in cherry tomatoes.

Compound
Chalconaringenine1
Outcome
convert into naringenine1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme · TaxonJS · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“analyzed during postharvest and vine ripening of cherry tomatoes”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 107–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“Chalconaringenin did not convert into naringenin”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 488–536 · show in text ↑

stage · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 3 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
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stage · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 2 positive, 6 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

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stage · quality: phytochemicals · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 3 positive, 5 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.