Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a widely spread pollutant and leads to diverse morphological and structural changes in the plants. In this study, alleviating role of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was investigated with or without foliar application of ALA (25 mg L(-1)) in hydroponic environment under different Pb levels (0, 100, and 400 µM). Outcomes stated that plant morphology and photosynthetic attributes were reduced under the application of Pb alone. However, ALA application significantly increased the plant growth and photosynthetic parameters under Pb toxicity. Moreover, ALA also lowered the Pb concentration in shoots and roots under Pb toxicity. The microscopic studies depicted that exogenously applied ALA ameliorated the Pb stress and significantly improved the cell ultrastructures. After application of ALA under Pb stress, mesophyll cell had well-developed nucleus and chloroplast having a number of starch granules. Moreover, micrographs illustrated that root tip cell contained well-developed nucleus, a number of mitochondria, and golgi bodies. These results proposed that under 15-day Pb-induced stress, ALA improved the plant growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, and ultrastructural modifications in leaf mesophyll and root tip cells of the B. napus plants.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Lead applied alone reduced plant morphology and photosynthetic attributes of oilseed rape.
- Taxon
- oilseed rape
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse0 - Treatment
- Pbe1
- Outcome
- plant morphology and photosynthetic attributese1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“plant morphology and photosynthetic attributes were reduced under the application of Pb alone”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA application significantly increased plant growth and photosynthetic parameters of oilseed rape under Pb toxicity.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- ALA applicatione1
- Outcome
- plant growth and photosynthetic parameterse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- under Pb toxicitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“ALA application significantly increased the plant growth and photosynthetic parameters under Pb toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA lowered Pb concentration in shoots and roots of oilseed rape under Pb toxicity.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- ALAe1
- Outcome
- Pb concentration in shoots and rootse1
- Direction
- lowerede1
- Qualifier
- under Pb toxicitye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“ALA also lowered the Pb concentration in shoots and roots under Pb toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenously applied ALA ameliorated Pb stress and significantly improved cell ultrastructures in oilseed rape.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- exogenously applied ALAe1
- Outcome
- cell ultrastructurese1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“exogenously applied ALA ameliorated the Pb stress and significantly improved the cell ultrastructures”
Claim · model-written summary
After ALA application under Pb stress, mesophyll cells had a well-developed nucleus and chloroplasts with a number of starch granules.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse0
- Organ / stage
- mesophyll celle1
- Outcome
- well-developed nucleus and chloroplast having a number of starch granulese1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“mesophyll cell had well-developed nucleus and chloroplast having a number of starch granules”
Claim · model-written summary
Root tip cells contained a well-developed nucleus, a number of mitochondria and golgi bodies after ALA application under Pb stress.
- Taxon
- oilseed rapeBrassica napuse0
- Organ / stage
- root tip celle1
- Outcome
- well-developed nucleus, a number of mitochondria, and golgi bodiese1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“root tip cell contained well-developed nucleus, a number of mitochondria, and golgi bodies”
The same questions in other papers
5-aminolevulinic acid · physiology: photosynthesis · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
lead atom · physiology: photosynthesis · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.