Abstract
Architectural analysis was applied to study branch development of 'Royal Gala' apple trees grafted with dwarfing and non-dwarfing rootstock/interstock combinations, which had been chosen to produce trees with a wide range of vigour. Using AMAPmod methodology, the structure of 3-year-old branches was described at four levels of representation: branch; annual shoot; growth unit; and node. Three types of growth units were distinguished: extension growth unit (vegetative unit with internode extension); vegetative spur with minimal internode extension; and fruiting spur or bourse. The aim of the analysis was to describe exactly how the rootstock/interstock combinations affected the structure building process. The number of extension growth units, vegetative spurs and fruiting spurs per annual shoot changed over the years, but this was not affected by rootstock/interstock combination. Compared with MM.106 rootstock, M.9 rootstock reduced the number of nodes per extension growth unit. In most cases, rootstock/interstock combination had no effect on the linear relationship between extension growth unit length and node number (R(2) = 0.88). Average internode length depended on unit node number, with internodes being shorter for units with fewer nodes. Thus the difference in apple branch size induced by the rootstock/interstock combinations was mainly due to a reduction in the length and number of neoformed nodes produced on extension growth units. As percentage budbreak of axillary buds on extension growth units was not affected by rootstock/interstock combination, differences in numbers of axillary annual shoots per branch were entirely due to differences in the total numbers of nodes extended during the previous year.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Rootstock/interstock combination did not affect the number of extension growth units, vegetative spurs and fruiting spurs per annual shoot.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- rootstock/interstock combinatione1
- Outcome
- number of extension growth units, vegetative spurs and fruiting spurs per annual shoote1
- Direction
- not affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Royal Gala' apple trees”
e1“The number of extension growth units, vegetative spurs and fruiting spurs per annual shoot changed over the years, but this was not affected by rootstock/interstock combination”
Claim · model-written summary
M.9 rootstock reduced the number of nodes per extension growth unit compared with MM.106 rootstock.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- M.9 rootstocke2
- Outcome
- number of nodes per extension growth unite2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Comparator
- MM.106 rootstocke2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Royal Gala' apple trees”
e2“Compared with MM.106 rootstock, M.9 rootstock reduced the number of nodes per extension growth unit”
Claim · model-written summary
In most cases, rootstock/interstock combination had no effect on the linear relationship between extension growth unit length and node number (R2 = 0.88).
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- rootstock/interstock combinatione3
- Outcome
- linear relationship between extension growth unit length and node numbere3
- Value
- R(2) = 0.88e3
- Qualifier
- In most casese3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Royal Gala' apple trees”
e3“In most cases, rootstock/interstock combination had no effect on the linear relationship between extension growth unit length and node number (R(2) = 0.88)”
Claim · model-written summary
Average internode length depended on unit node number, being shorter for units with fewer nodes.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- unit node numbere4
- Outcome
- average internode lengthe4
- Direction
- shortere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Royal Gala' apple trees”
e4“Average internode length depended on unit node number, with internodes being shorter for units with fewer nodes”
Claim · model-written summary
The branch size difference induced by rootstock/interstock combinations was mainly due to fewer and shorter neoformed nodes on extension growth units.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- rootstock/interstock combinationse5
- Outcome
- branch sizee5
- Qualifier
- a reduction in the length and number of neoformed nodes produced on extension growth unitse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Royal Gala' apple trees”
e5“Thus the difference in apple branch size induced by the rootstock/interstock combinations was mainly due to a reduction in the length and number of neoformed nodes produced on extension growth units”
Claim · model-written summary
Rootstock/interstock combination did not affect the percentage budbreak of axillary buds on extension growth units.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- rootstock/interstock combinatione6
- Outcome
- percentage budbreak of axillary buds on extension growth unitse6
- Direction
- not affectede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Royal Gala' apple trees”
e6“As percentage budbreak of axillary buds on extension growth units was not affected by rootstock/interstock combination”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences in axillary annual shoot numbers per branch were due to differences in the total number of nodes extended the previous year.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- numbers of axillary annual shoots per branche7
- Qualifier
- the total numbers of nodes extended during the previous yeare7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Royal Gala' apple trees”
e7“differences in numbers of axillary annual shoots per branch were entirely due to differences in the total numbers of nodes extended during the previous year”
The same questions in other papers
grafting · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
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See all 41 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.