Paper · 1999 · Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C

Influence of the Herbicides Amitrole and Norflurazon on Greening of Illuminated Potato Microtubers

Jasmina Muraja-Ljubičić; Mercedes Wrischer; Nikola Ljubešić

11
claims
19
verbatim quotes
5
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc-nd

Abstract

Abstract Potato microtubers turn green within a few days when kept in the light. The initial phases in this process were observed as early as 12 hours after the onset of illumination. The changes included a pronounced increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, accompanied by changes in the protein pattern and in the transformation of amyloplasts and leucoplasts to chloroplasts. The bleaching herbicides amitrole and norflurazon inhibited the synthesis of carotenoids in the illuminated potato microtubers. However, amitrole only delayed greening and an increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid levels became visible as late as four days after the onset of illumination, and the LHC II protein of the photosynthetic membrane was not detected before the seventh day of light exposure. Norflurazon, in contrast, acted as a stronger inhibitor, and microtuber tissues stayed yellowish throughout the experiment. The concentrations of both carotenoids and chlorophylls were very low in tissues treated with this herbicide. The LHC II protein could not be detected after a seven-day light exposure and the plastids were damaged, small in size, without normal thylakoids and with numerous plastoglobules.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Illuminated potato microtubers green within a few days, with initial changes by 12 hours.

Organ / stage
microtuberse0
Outcome
microtubers turn greene0
Qualifier
as early as 12 hours after the onset of illuminatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Potato microtubers turn green within a few days when kept in the light. The initial phases in this process were observed as early as 12 hours after the onset of illumination.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–183 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Illumination increased chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations in potato microtubers.

Outcome
chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrationse0
Direction
pronounced increasee0

Not reportedTreatmentComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The changes included a pronounced increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 184–271 · show in text ↑
t0

“Potato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–86 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Illumination changed protein patterns and transformed potato amyloplasts and leucoplasts into chloroplasts.

Outcome
changes in the protein pattern and in the transformation of amyloplasts and leucoplasts to chloroplastse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“accompanied by changes in the protein pattern and in the transformation of amyloplasts and leucoplasts to chloroplasts.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 273–392 · show in text ↑
t0

“Potato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Amitrole inhibited carotenoid synthesis in illuminated potato microtubers.

Organ / stage
microtuberse0
Treatment
amitrolee0
Outcome
synthesis of carotenoidse0
Direction
inhibitede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The bleaching herbicides amitrole and norflurazon inhibited the synthesis of carotenoids in the illuminated potato microtubers.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 393–520 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Norflurazon inhibited carotenoid synthesis in illuminated potato microtubers.

Organ / stage
microtuberse0
Treatment
norflurazone0
Outcome
synthesis of carotenoidse0
Direction
inhibitede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The bleaching herbicides amitrole and norflurazon inhibited the synthesis of carotenoids in the illuminated potato microtubers.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 393–520 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Amitrole delayed potato microtuber greening until four days after illumination.

Treatment
amitrolee0
Outcome
greeninge0
Direction
delayede0
Qualifier
as late as four days after the onset of illuminatione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“amitrole only delayed greening and an increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid levels became visible as late as four days after the onset of illumination”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 530–681 · show in text ↑
t0

“Potato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Amitrole delayed LHC II detection until the seventh day of light.

Outcome
LHC II protein of the photosynthetic membranee0
Qualifier
not detected before the seventh day of light exposuree0

Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the LHC II protein of the photosynthetic membrane was not detected before the seventh day of light exposure.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 687–795 · show in text ↑
t0

“Potato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Norflurazon kept potato microtuber tissues yellowish throughout the experiment.

Treatment
Norflurazone0
Outcome
microtuber tissues stayed yellowishe0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Norflurazon, in contrast, acted as a stronger inhibitor, and microtuber tissues stayed yellowish throughout the experiment.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 796–919 · show in text ↑
t0

“Potato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Norflurazon-treated tissues had very low carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations.

Treatment
this herbicidee0
Outcome
concentrations of both carotenoids and chlorophyllse0
Direction
very lowe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The concentrations of both carotenoids and chlorophylls were very low in tissues treated with this herbicide.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 920–1029 · show in text ↑
t0

“Potato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Norflurazon prevented detectable LHC II after seven days of light.

Outcome
LHC II protein could not be detectede0
Qualifier
after a seven-day light exposuree0

Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The LHC II protein could not be detected after a seven-day light exposure”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1103 · show in text ↑
t0

“Potato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–86 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Norflurazon-treated plastids were damaged, small, lacked normal thylakoids and had numerous plastoglobules.

Outcome
plastids were damaged, small in size, without normal thylakoids and with numerous plastoglobulese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the plastids were damaged, small in size, without normal thylakoids and with numerous plastoglobules.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1108–1209 · show in text ↑
t0

“Potato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–86 · show in text ↑

herbicide · physiology: pigments · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.