Abstract
Impaired chloroplast function is responsible for nearly two-thirds of the inhibition to net photosynthesis caused by dark chilling in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), yet it has not been possible to localize the dysfunction to specific chloroplast reactions. We report here on an effect that low-temperature exposure has in tomato on the expression of certain nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins, which may be directly related to the chilling sensitivity of photosynthesis. Transcriptional activity of genes for both the chlorophyll a/b binding protein of photosystem II (Cab) as well as for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase was found to be controlled by an endogenous rhythm. For Cab this rhythm was also visible at the level of newly synthesized protein, indicating that the circadian control of transcriptional activity normally ensures that this protein is synthesized only during daylight hours. However, low-temperature treatment suspended the timing of the rhythm in tomato so that, upon rewarming, the circadian control was reestablished but was displaced from the actual time of day by the length of the chilling exposure. In addition, we found that the normal turnover of Cab and Rubisco activase mRNA was suspended during the low-temperature treatment, but, upon rewarming, this stabilized message was not translated into protein. We believe that the low-temperature-induced mistiming of gene expression together with its effect on the translatability of existing transcripts may be an important clue in unraveling the basis for the chilling sensitivity of photosynthesis in tomato.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Chloroplast impairment accounts for nearly two thirds of photosynthesis inhibition under dark chilling.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- dark chillinge0
- Outcome
- inhibition to net photosynthesise0
- Value
- nearly two-thirdse0
- Qualifier
- Impaired chloroplast functione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Impaired chloroplast function is responsible for nearly two-thirds of the inhibition to net photosynthesis caused by dark chilling in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cab transcription follows an endogenous rhythm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- Cabe0
- Outcome
- Transcriptional activitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transcriptional activity of genes for both the chlorophyll a/b binding protein of photosystem II (Cab) as well as for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase was found to be controlled by an endogenous rhythm”
t0“chilling-sensitive plants”
e1“dark chilling in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubisco activase transcription follows an endogenous rhythm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- Rubisco) activasee0
- Outcome
- Transcriptional activitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transcriptional activity of genes for both the chlorophyll a/b binding protein of photosystem II (Cab) as well as for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase was found to be controlled by an endogenous rhythm”
t0“chilling-sensitive plants”
e1“dark chilling in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
New Cab protein synthesis also showed circadian rhythm.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- Cabe0
- Outcome
- rhythme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Cab this rhythm was also visible at the level of newly synthesized protein”
t0“chilling-sensitive plants”
e1“dark chilling in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling suspended rhythm timing and shifted the restored phase by exposure duration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- low-temperature treatmente0
- Outcome
- timing of the rhythme0
- Direction
- suspendede0
- Qualifier
- length of the chilling exposuree0
- Comparator
- actual time of daye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low-temperature treatment suspended the timing of the rhythm in tomato so that, upon rewarming, the circadian control was reestablished but was displaced from the actual time of day by the length of the chilling exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling suspended normal Cab mRNA turnover.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- low-temperature treatmente0
- Gene
- Cabe0
- Outcome
- Cab and Rubisco activase mRNAe0
- Direction
- suspendede0
- Comparator
- normal turnovere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the normal turnover of Cab and Rubisco activase mRNA was suspended during the low-temperature treatment”
t0“chilling-sensitive plants”
e1“dark chilling in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling suspended normal Rubisco activase mRNA turnover.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- low-temperature treatmente0
- Gene
- Rubisco activasee0
- Outcome
- Rubisco activase mRNAe0
- Direction
- suspendede0
- Comparator
- normal turnovere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the normal turnover of Cab and Rubisco activase mRNA was suspended during the low-temperature treatment”
t0“chilling-sensitive plants”
e1“dark chilling in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Stabilized mRNA was not translated into protein after rewarming.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- stabilized message was not translated into proteine0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upon rewarming, this stabilized message was not translated into protein”
t0“chilling-sensitive plants”
e1“dark chilling in tomato”
The same questions in other papers
cold · molecular: expression · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 30 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.