Paper · 1973 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Biological and Molecular Evidence for the Transgenosis of Genes from Bacteria to Plant Cells

C. H. Doy; P. M. Gresshoff; B. G. Rolfe

8
claims
17
verbatim quotes
106
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Specialized transducing phages (lambda and varphi80) have been used as vectors in the transfer of genes (wild type and mutant) from the bacterium Escherichia coli to haploid cell lines of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thaliana. The overall phenomenon of transfer, gene maintenance, transcription, translation, and function has been termed transgenosis. Transgenosis of galactose and lactose operon genes was detected by survival and growth of the plant cells on defined medium with galactose and lactose as sole sources of bulk carbon. Phages carrying a defective operon, unrelated bacterial genes, or no bacterial genes, do not affect the normal result of death on these media, nor do they prevent growth on optimal growth media. Transgenosis of the E. coli gene z (lac operon) was confirmed by a biochemical-immunological test specific for E. coli beta-galactosidase. Plant cells were unable to effectively suppress an E. coli nonsense mutation. The E. coli mutant suppressor gene, supF(+), specifies insertion of tyrosine at amber (UAG) nonsense codons. Introduction of supF(+) results in a lethal transgenosis on medium normally optimal for plant cell growth. It is concluded that amber codons are vital to the life of plant cells. Differentiating cells of A. thaliana were not affected by supF(+).

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Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant cells carrying transferred galactose operon genes survived and grew with galactose as the sole bulk carbon source.

Taxon
Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaSolanum lycopersicume0
Treatment
Transgenosis of galactose and lactose operon genese1
Gene
galactose and lactose operon genese1
Outcome
survival and growth of the plant cellse1
Comparator
Phages carrying a defective operon, unrelated bacterial genes, or no bacterial genese2

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana · TaxonOriginal uploader was Brona at en.wikipedia . User:Roepers at nl.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“haploid cell lines of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thaliana”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 166–247 · show in text ↑
e1

“Transgenosis of galactose and lactose operon genes was detected by survival and growth of the plant cells on defined medium with galactose and lactose as sole sources of bulk carbon.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 374–556 · show in text ↑
e2

“Phages carrying a defective operon, unrelated bacterial genes, or no bacterial genes, do not affect the normal result of death on these media”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–698 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Control phages did not prevent plant cell death on galactose or lactose medium.

Taxon
Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaSolanum lycopersicume0
Treatment
Phages carrying a defective operon, unrelated bacterial genes, or no bacterial genese1
Outcome
death on these mediae1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana · TaxonOriginal uploader was Brona at en.wikipedia . User:Roepers at nl.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“haploid cell lines of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thaliana”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 166–247 · show in text ↑
e1

“Phages carrying a defective operon, unrelated bacterial genes, or no bacterial genes, do not affect the normal result of death on these media”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–698 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Control phages did not prevent growth of plant cells on optimal growth media.

Taxon
Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaSolanum lycopersicume0
Outcome
growth on optimal growth mediae1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana · TaxonOriginal uploader was Brona at en.wikipedia . User:Roepers at nl.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“haploid cell lines of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thaliana”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 166–247 · show in text ↑
e1

“nor do they prevent growth on optimal growth media”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 700–750 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A biochemical immunological assay confirmed transgenosis of the E. coli z gene in plant cells.

Taxon
Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaSolanum lycopersicume0
Gene
E. coli gene ze1
Outcome
Transgenosis of the E. coli gene ze1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana · TaxonOriginal uploader was Brona at en.wikipedia . User:Roepers at nl.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“haploid cell lines of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thaliana”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 166–247 · show in text ↑
e1

“Transgenosis of the E. coli gene z (lac operon) was confirmed by a biochemical-immunological test specific for E. coli beta-galactosidase”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 752–889 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant cells could not effectively suppress an E. coli nonsense mutation.

Taxon
Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaSolanum lycopersicume0
Outcome
unable to effectively suppress an E. coli nonsense mutatione1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana · TaxonOriginal uploader was Brona at en.wikipedia . User:Roepers at nl.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“haploid cell lines of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thaliana”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 166–247 · show in text ↑
e1

“Plant cells were unable to effectively suppress an E. coli nonsense mutation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 891–967 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Introduction of supF(+) was lethal to plant cells on normally optimal medium.

Taxon
Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaSolanum lycopersicume0
Treatment
Introduction of supF(+)e1
Gene
supF(+)e1
Outcome
lethal transgenosise1
Comparator
Phages carrying a defective operon, unrelated bacterial genes, or no bacterial genese2

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana · TaxonOriginal uploader was Brona at en.wikipedia . User:Roepers at nl.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“haploid cell lines of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thaliana”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 166–247 · show in text ↑
e1

“Introduction of supF(+) results in a lethal transgenosis on medium normally optimal for plant cell growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1078–1183 · show in text ↑
e2

“Phages carrying a defective operon, unrelated bacterial genes, or no bacterial genes, do not affect the normal result of death on these media, nor do they prevent growth on optimal growth media”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–750 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Differentiating A. thaliana cells were unaffected by supF(+).

Taxon
A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
Organ / stage
Differentiating cellse0
Gene
supF(+)e0
Outcome
not affected by supF(+)e0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana · TaxonOriginal uploader was Brona at en.wikipedia . User:Roepers at nl.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Differentiating cells of A. thaliana were not affected by supF(+)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1257–1322 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors concluded that amber codons are vital to plant cell survival.

Taxon
Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaSolanum lycopersicume0
Gene
amber codonse1
Outcome
vital to the life of plant cellse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana · TaxonOriginal uploader was Brona at en.wikipedia . User:Roepers at nl.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“haploid cell lines of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum and Arabidopsis thaliana”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 166–247 · show in text ↑
e1

“It is concluded that amber codons are vital to the life of plant cells”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1185–1255 · show in text ↑

galactose · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

galactose · growth · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

transgenic · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

27 papers: 16 positive, 11 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

23 papers more in this group

See all 27 papers →

transgenic · growth · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results

36 papers: 20 positive, 16 negative or no effect

19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

32 papers more in this group

See all 36 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.