Abstract
Leafspot diseases, caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori (early leafspot) and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk, and Curt.) Deighton ( late leafspot ), are worldwide production problems on peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.). The extensive use of fungicides to control these diseases on susceptible cultivars is costly to growers. Developing leafspot resistant cultivars is a primary objective in many breeding programs. ‘Southern Runner’, which was released in 1986, is the only commercially available peanut cultivar in the USA with significant leafspot resistance. Field studies were conducted in 1981 to 1983 and 1985 to 1987 on peanut breeding lines with varying levels of leafspot resistance to evaluate their disease reaction and agronomic response to three leafspot fungicide programs and to assess their potential as cultivars for use with fewer fungicide sprays. The cultivars Florunner (susceptible) and Southern Runner (moderately resistant) and three breeding lines were used in all 6 yr, with five additional lines unique to the 1981 to 1983 experiments and four additional lines unique to the 1985 to 1987 tests. All experiments were randomized‐complete block, split‐plot designs with genotypes as subplots and three fungicide spray programs as main plot treatments: (i) unsprayed, (ii) chlorothalonil (tetrachloroisophthalonitrile), 500 g L ‐1 on 20‐d, and (iii) 14‐d spray schedules. Leafspot disease ratings were on a 1 to 10 scale, with 1 = no disease and 10 = dead plants, assessed prior to digging. Significant ( P ≤ 0.01) genotypic differences for pod yield, percent total sound mature kernels, seed weights, and disease ratings were noted. Significant ( P ≤ 0.01) differences were obtained for years, fungicide treatments, and most two‐ and three‐way interactions. Negative correlations were obtained between pod yields and disease ratings for unsprayed (r = ‐0.64) and 20‐d schedules (r = ‐0.46), but not for the 14‐d treatment. No differences in pod yield were obtained between the 14‐d (eight sprays) and the 20‐d (four sprays) fungicide treatments on the leafspot resistant genotypes. Results indicated that it is possible to develop commercially acceptable peanut cultivars with leafspot resistance that reduces the need for fungicide control of leaf‐spots.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut breeding lines differed significantly in pod yield, percent sound mature kernels and seed weights.
- Taxon
- Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Material
- peanut breeding linese2
- Outcome
- pod yield, percent total sound mature kernels, seed weightse1
- Qualifier
- P ≤ 0.01e1
- Setting
- Field studiese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leafspot diseases, caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori (early leafspot) and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk, and Curt.) Deighton ( late leafspot ), are worldwide production problems on peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e1“Significant ( P ≤ 0.01) genotypic differences for pod yield, percent total sound mature kernels, seed weights, and disease ratings were noted”
e2“Field studies were conducted in 1981 to 1983 and 1985 to 1987 on peanut breeding lines with varying levels of leafspot resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut breeding lines differed significantly in disease ratings for leafspot caused by Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum.
- Taxon
- Arachis hypogaeaArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- peanut breeding linese2
- Interactor
- Cercospora arachidicolaMycosphaerella arachidise0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Cercosporidium personatumNothopassalora personatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease ratingse1
- Qualifier
- P ≤ 0.01e1
- Setting
- Field studiese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leafspot diseases, caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori (early leafspot) and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk, and Curt.) Deighton ( late leafspot ), are worldwide production problems on peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e1“Significant ( P ≤ 0.01) genotypic differences for pod yield, percent total sound mature kernels, seed weights, and disease ratings were noted”
e2“Field studies were conducted in 1981 to 1983 and 1985 to 1987 on peanut breeding lines with varying levels of leafspot resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
In unsprayed peanut, pod yields and disease ratings were negatively correlated (r = -0.64).
- Taxon
- Arachis hypogaeaArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- unsprayede3
- Outcome
- pod yields and disease ratingse3
- Direction
- Negative correlationse3
- Value
- r = ‐0.64e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leafspot diseases, caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori (early leafspot) and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk, and Curt.) Deighton ( late leafspot ), are worldwide production problems on peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e3“Negative correlations were obtained between pod yields and disease ratings for unsprayed (r = ‐0.64) and 20‐d schedules (r = ‐0.46), but not for the 14‐d treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
In peanut under 20-day fungicide schedules, pod yields and disease ratings were negatively correlated (r = -0.46).
- Taxon
- Arachis hypogaeaArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- 20‐d schedulese3
- Outcome
- pod yields and disease ratingse3
- Direction
- Negative correlationse3
- Value
- r = ‐0.46e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leafspot diseases, caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori (early leafspot) and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk, and Curt.) Deighton ( late leafspot ), are worldwide production problems on peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e3“Negative correlations were obtained between pod yields and disease ratings for unsprayed (r = ‐0.64) and 20‐d schedules (r = ‐0.46), but not for the 14‐d treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
In peanut under the 14-day fungicide treatment, no correlation between pod yields and disease ratings was obtained.
- Taxon
- Arachis hypogaeaArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- 14‐d treatmente3
- Outcome
- pod yields and disease ratingse3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leafspot diseases, caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori (early leafspot) and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk, and Curt.) Deighton ( late leafspot ), are worldwide production problems on peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e3“Negative correlations were obtained between pod yields and disease ratings for unsprayed (r = ‐0.64) and 20‐d schedules (r = ‐0.46), but not for the 14‐d treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
On leafspot-resistant genotypes, pod yield did not differ between 14-day (eight sprays) and 20-day (four sprays) fungicide programs.
- Taxon
- Arachis hypogaeaArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- leafspot resistant genotypese4
- Treatment
- 14‐d (eight sprays)e4
- Outcome
- pod yielde4
- Direction
- No differencese4
- Comparator
- 20‐d (four sprays)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leafspot diseases, caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori (early leafspot) and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk, and Curt.) Deighton ( late leafspot ), are worldwide production problems on peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e4“No differences in pod yield were obtained between the 14‐d (eight sprays) and the 20‐d (four sprays) fungicide treatments on the leafspot resistant genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Commercially acceptable peanut cultivars with leafspot resistance that reduce the need for fungicide control can be developed.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae5
- Outcome
- commercially acceptable peanut cultivars with leafspot resistancee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Results indicated that it is possible to develop commercially acceptable peanut cultivars with leafspot resistance that reduces the need for fungicide control of leaf‐spots”
The same questions in other papers
application · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 215 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
218 papers more in this group
See all 222 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.