Abstract
The effects of light exposure on 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP) accumulation and degradation in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Franc berries were assessed by comparison of shaded and exposed clusters within the same vine throughout a growing season. Twenty-seven vines were shoot-thinned to create regions of high and low cluster-light exposure within each vine. Samples were collected at 10 time points starting from 5 to 130 days postbloom. The experimental design allowed for intravine comparison of IBMP levels between treatments at each time. Vine-to-vine variability of IBMP and the correlation of IBMP to malic acid were also evaluated. Cluster exposure reduced accumulation of IBMP at all preveraison time points by 21-44%, but did not increase postveraison degradation. Significant vine-to-vine variability in IBMP content was observed, with the highest level of IBMP in shaded berries in the most vigorous block of vines. Although IBMP concentration by weight decreased significantly due to dilution just prior to color change (veraison), no significant IBMP degradation per berry occurred until after color change (day 70 postbloom). By contrast, malic acid degradation began prior to color change, and malic acid concentrations were not affected by cluster exposure preveraison, but were affected postveraison. A survey of 13 sites in New York state (Seneca Lake) showed that IBMP concentrations at 2 weeks preveraison were highly correlated (R(2) = 0.936, p < 0.0001) to levels at harvest, whereas classic grape maturity indices at harvest were uncorrelated with IBMP at harvest. In summary, light exposure conditions critically influence IBMP accumulation but not IBMP degradation.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster exposure reduced IBMP accumulation at all preveraison time points by 21-44%.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera
Vitis viniferat0 - Treatment
- Cluster exposuree1
- Outcome
- accumulation of IBMPe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 21-44%e1
- Qualifier
- at all preveraison time pointse1
- Comparator
- shadede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e0“comparison of shaded and exposed clusters within the same vine throughout a growing season”
e1“Cluster exposure reduced accumulation of IBMP at all preveraison time points by 21-44%, but did not increase postveraison degradation”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster exposure did not increase IBMP degradation after veraison.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- Cluster exposuree1
- Outcome
- postveraison degradatione1
- Direction
- did not increasee1
- Comparator
- shadede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e0“comparison of shaded and exposed clusters within the same vine throughout a growing season”
e1“Cluster exposure reduced accumulation of IBMP at all preveraison time points by 21-44%, but did not increase postveraison degradation”
Claim · model-written summary
IBMP content varied significantly between vines.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Outcome
- vine-to-vine variability in IBMP contente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e2“Significant vine-to-vine variability in IBMP content was observed, with the highest level of IBMP in shaded berries in the most vigorous block of vines”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest IBMP level occurred in shaded berries in the most vigorous block of vines.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Organ / stage
- shaded berriese2
- Outcome
- level of IBMPe2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Setting
- most vigorous block of vinese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e2“Significant vine-to-vine variability in IBMP content was observed, with the highest level of IBMP in shaded berries in the most vigorous block of vines”
Claim · model-written summary
IBMP concentration by weight decreased significantly just before veraison because of dilution.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Outcome
- IBMP concentration by weighte3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Qualifier
- due to dilution just prior to color change (veraison)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e3“Although IBMP concentration by weight decreased significantly due to dilution just prior to color change (veraison)”
Claim · model-written summary
No significant IBMP degradation per berry occurred until after veraison.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Outcome
- IBMP degradation per berrye4
- Qualifier
- until after color change (day 70 postbloom)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e4“no significant IBMP degradation per berry occurred until after color change (day 70 postbloom)”
Claim · model-written summary
Malic acid degradation began before veraison.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Outcome
- malic acid degradatione5
- Qualifier
- began prior to color changee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e5“malic acid degradation began prior to color change”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster exposure did not affect malic acid concentrations before veraison.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- cluster exposuree6
- Outcome
- malic acid concentrationse6
- Direction
- not affectede6
- Qualifier
- preveraisone6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e6“malic acid concentrations were not affected by cluster exposure preveraison, but were affected postveraison”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster exposure affected malic acid concentrations after veraison.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- cluster exposuree6
- Outcome
- malic acid concentrationse6
- Direction
- were affectede6
- Qualifier
- postveraisone6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e6“malic acid concentrations were not affected by cluster exposure preveraison, but were affected postveraison”
Claim · model-written summary
IBMP concentrations at 2 weeks before veraison were highly correlated with IBMP at harvest (R2 = 0.936).
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Outcome
- IBMP concentrations at 2 weeks preveraisone7
- Value
- R(2) = 0.936e7
- Comparator
- levels at harveste7
- Setting
- 13 sites in New York state (Seneca Lake)e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e7“IBMP concentrations at 2 weeks preveraison were highly correlated (R(2) = 0.936, p < 0.0001) to levels at harvest”
e6“A survey of 13 sites in New York state (Seneca Lake)”
Claim · model-written summary
Classic grape maturity indices at harvest were uncorrelated with IBMP at harvest.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Outcome
- classic grape maturity indices at harveste7
- Comparator
- IBMP at harveste7
- Setting
- 13 sites in New York state (Seneca Lake)e6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Cabernet Franc”
e7“classic grape maturity indices at harvest were uncorrelated with IBMP at harvest”
e6“A survey of 13 sites in New York state (Seneca Lake)”
The same questions in other papers
cluster · molecular: metabolites · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.