Abstract
In a field experiment, three-year-old Kinnow trees budded on Jatti Katti ( C. jambhiri ) rootstock were inoculated by three different arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), Glomus manihotis (T 1 ), Glomus mosseae (T 2 ), and Gigaspora gigantia (T 3 ), separately or in combination (T 4 ). Microscopic assessment of AM colonization on Kinnow roots showed a relatively lower level of infection by different species when inoculated separately than when inoculaed together. Application of AM improved growth parameters like plant height, canopy volume, mean leaf area, and number of new shoots per plant but had no effect on trunk diameter, number of leaf per new shoot and new shoot diameter. Flowering phenology was also altered by AM infection. The infected plants produced more flowers which despite abscission caused an increase in the initial number of fruits. AM inoculation increased plant phosphorous in T 3 , potassium in T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , calcium in T 2 , T 3 , T 4 , and the AM-nutrient relationship did not reveal any generalized pattern. Inoculated plants, however, had higher concentration of different elements by the second year of the experiment indicating towards the continuous and cumulative effect of AM infection on plant nutrient accumulation. Further, the beneficial effects of AM on Kinnow were not related to the difference in the species of mycorrhiza.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Combined AM inoculation gave greater root colonization than separate species inoculation.
Verbatim
e0“Microscopic assessment of AM colonization on Kinnow roots showed a relatively lower level of infection by different species when inoculated separately than when inoculaed together”
Claim · model-written summary
AM application improved Kinnow height, canopy volume and mean leaf area.
- Treatment
- Application of AMe0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant height, canopy volume, mean leaf areae0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of AM improved growth parameters like plant height, canopy volume, mean leaf area, and number of new shoots per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
AM application increased the number of new Kinnow shoots.
- Treatment
- Application of AMe0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- number of new shoots per plante0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of AM improved growth parameters like plant height, canopy volume, mean leaf area, and number of new shoots per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
AM had no effect on trunk diameter, leaves per new shoot or new shoot diameter.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“had no effect on trunk diameter, number of leaf per new shoot and new shoot diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
AM infection altered flowering phenology.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Flowering phenology was also altered by AM infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Infected plants produced more flowers and initially more fruits despite abscission.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The infected plants produced more flowers which despite abscission caused an increase in the initial number of fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
AM infection increased the initial fruit number despite flower abscission.
- Treatment
- infected plantse0
- Outcome
- initial number of fruitse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- despite abscissione0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The infected plants produced more flowers which despite abscission caused an increase in the initial number of fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Gigaspora gigantia inoculation increased plant phosphorus.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“AM inoculation increased plant phosphorous in T 3”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation increased plant potassium in T1, T2 and T3.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“potassium in T 1 , T 2 , T 3”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation increased plant calcium in T2, T3 and T4.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“calcium in T 2 , T 3 , T 4”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated plants had higher concentrations of different elements by the second year.
- Treatment
- Inoculated plantse0
- Outcome
- concentration of different elementse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- by the second year of the experimente0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated plants, however, had higher concentration of different elements by the second year of the experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
AM benefits to Kinnow were unrelated to differences between mycorrhizal species.
Verbatim
e0“the beneficial effects of AM on Kinnow were not related to the difference in the species of mycorrhiza”
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