Paper · 1971 · Crop Science

Effect of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Enrichment at Different Developmental Stages on Growth and Yield Components of Soybeans1

L. L. Hardman; W. A. Brun

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
115
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Vegetative and reproductive parameters were measured at maturity on field‐grown soybean plants [ Glycine max (L.) Merr., var. Hark] given CO 2 enrichment to 1,200 (±150) ppm for 5‐week periods corresponding to vegetative, flowering, and pod‐filling stages of development. CO 2 enrichment during the vegetative stage had no effects on the measured parameters at maturity. CO 2 enrichment during flowering caused increased node numbers, leaf and stem dry weights, and pod numbers. Seed size decreased and need yield was not affected. CO 2 enrichment during pod filling had no effects on vegetative parameters, but caused a slight increase in pod number, and a marked increase in pod weight and seed yield at maturity. These results are discussed in terms of source‐sink relationships and the limitations imposed by the availability of photosynthate.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Vegetative stage CO2 enrichment did not alter measured maturity parameters.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
CO 2 enrichment during the vegetative stagee0
Outcome
measured parameters at maturitye0
Direction
no effectse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CO 2 enrichment during the vegetative stage had no effects on the measured parameters at maturity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 272–369 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Flowering stage CO2 enrichment increased node numbers, leaf and stem dry weights, and pod numbers.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
CO 2 enrichment during floweringe0
Outcome
node numbers, leaf and stem dry weights, and pod numberse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CO 2 enrichment during flowering caused increased node numbers, leaf and stem dry weights, and pod numbers”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 371–477 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Flowering stage CO2 enrichment decreased seed size.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
CO 2 enrichment during floweringe0
Outcome
Seed sizee0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CO 2 enrichment during flowering caused increased node numbers, leaf and stem dry weights, and pod numbers. Seed size decreased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 371–498 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Flowering stage CO2 enrichment did not affect seed yield.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
CO 2 enrichment during floweringe0
Outcome
need yielde0
Direction
not affectede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CO 2 enrichment during flowering caused increased node numbers, leaf and stem dry weights, and pod numbers. Seed size decreased and need yield was not affected”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 371–530 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pod filling CO2 enrichment had no effects on vegetative parameters.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
CO 2 enrichment during pod fillinge0
Outcome
vegetative parameterse0
Direction
no effectse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CO 2 enrichment during pod filling had no effects on vegetative parameters”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 532–606 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pod filling CO2 enrichment slightly increased pod number.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
CO 2 enrichment during pod fillinge0
Outcome
pod numbere0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CO 2 enrichment during pod filling had no effects on vegetative parameters, but caused a slight increase in pod number”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 532–650 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pod filling CO2 enrichment markedly increased pod weight and seed yield at maturity.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
CO 2 enrichment during pod fillinge0
Outcome
pod weight and seed yielde0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“CO 2 enrichment during pod filling had no effects on vegetative parameters, but caused a slight increase in pod number, and a marked increase in pod weight and seed yield at maturity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 532–714 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybeans”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–124 · show in text ↑

co2 · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

96 papers: 86 positive, 10 negative or no effect

85 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

92 papers more in this group

See all 96 papers →

stage · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

121 papers: 71 positive, 50 negative or no effect

70 papers in the same direction as this paper · 50 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. negative

117 papers more in this group

See all 121 papers →

co2 · phenology · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. no effect
See all 2 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.