Abstract
Microarray analysis was initially performed to screen for differentially expressed genes between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves. In total, 198 genes were shown to have a unique expression response to each treatment and most of the genes for which function is known were involved in signal transduction, plant stress resistance, transcriptional regulation, and basic metabolism. Northern blotting analysis confirmed that expression of the MT and PCS genes was highly upregulated in ammonium-fed leaves compared with expression in nitrate-fed leaves and it was further revealed that ammonium-fed leaves accumulated more cysteine and glutathione. The upregulated expressions of the MT and PCS genes and the higher levels of cysteine and glutathione in ammonium-fed leaves indicate that ammonium may be able to accelerate sulfur assimilation metabolism in rice leaves. Unexpectedly, Northern blotting analysis showed that the expression of the two key enzymes in the sulfur assimilation pathway, namely adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase and O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase, was not upregulated by ammonium treatment. It was found that the total content of free amino acids was much higher in ammonium-fed leaves compared with nitrate-fed leaves, mainly resulting from an increase in several amino acids such as serine, asparagine, glutamine, and arginine. The increased amino acids, in particular serine (as a central substrate for the synthesis of the thiol metabolites), may have promoted sulfur assimilation metabolism under conditions of ammonium nutrition. (Managing editor: Ping He)
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
198 genes showed a unique expression response to each nitrate or ammonium treatment in rice leaves.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Outcome
- unique expression response to each treatmente2
- Value
- 198 genese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves”
e2“198 genes were shown to have a unique expression response to each treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed rice leaves showed highly upregulated MT and PCS gene expression compared with nitrate-fed leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- ammonium-fede3
- Gene
- MT and PCSe3
- Outcome
- expression of the MT and PCS genese3
- Direction
- highly upregulatede3
- Comparator
- nitrate-fed leavese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves”
e3“expression of the MT and PCS genes was highly upregulated in ammonium-fed leaves compared with expression in nitrate-fed leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed rice leaves accumulated more cysteine and glutathione.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- leavese4
- Treatment
- ammonium-fede4
- Outcome
- cysteine and glutathionee4
- Direction
- accumulated moree4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves”
e4“ammonium-fed leaves accumulated more cysteine and glutathione”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium treatment did not upregulate expression of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase or O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase in rice leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- ammonium treatmente5
- Gene
- adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase and O-acetylserine(thiol)lyasee5
- Outcome
- expression of the two key enzymes in the sulfur assimilation pathwaye5
- Direction
- not upregulatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves”
e5“expression of the two key enzymes in the sulfur assimilation pathway, namely adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase and O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase, was not upregulated by ammonium treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed rice leaves had a much higher total free amino acid content than nitrate-fed leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- ammonium-fede6
- Outcome
- total content of free amino acidse6
- Direction
- much highere6
- Comparator
- nitrate-fed leavese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves”
e6“the total content of free amino acids was much higher in ammonium-fed leaves compared with nitrate-fed leaves, mainly resulting from an increase in several amino acids such as serine, asparagine, glutamine, and arginine”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium nutrition increased serine, asparagine, glutamine and arginine in rice leaves compared with nitrate nutrition.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- ammonium-fede6
- Outcome
- several amino acids such as serine, asparagine, glutamine, and argininee6
- Direction
- increasee6
- Comparator
- nitrate-fed leavese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves”
e6“the total content of free amino acids was much higher in ammonium-fed leaves compared with nitrate-fed leaves, mainly resulting from an increase in several amino acids such as serine, asparagine, glutamine, and arginine”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium may be able to accelerate sulfur assimilation metabolism in rice leaves, indicated by MT and PCS expression and higher cysteine and glutathione.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Gene
- MT and PCSe0
- Outcome
- sulfur assimilation metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves”
e0“The upregulated expressions of the MT and PCS genes and the higher levels of cysteine and glutathione in ammonium-fed leaves indicate that ammonium may be able to accelerate sulfur assimilation metabolism in rice leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Serine, as a central substrate for thiol synthesis, may have promoted sulfur assimilation metabolism under ammonium nutrition.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Compound
- serinee7
- Outcome
- sulfur assimilation metabolisme7
- Qualifier
- may have promotede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“between nitrate-and ammonium-fed rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves”
e7“The increased amino acids, in particular serine (as a central substrate for the synthesis of the thiol metabolites), may have promoted sulfur assimilation metabolism under conditions of ammonium nutrition”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · molecular: expression · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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See all 45 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.